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In Exercises 27-30, use coordinate vectors to test the linear independence of the sets of polynomials. Explain your work.

Short Answer

Expert verified

\({\bf{1}} + {\bf{2}}{t^{\bf{3}}}\),\({\bf{2}} + t - {\bf{3}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\),\(t + {\bf{2}}{t^2} - {t^{\bf{3}}}\)

Step by step solution

01

Write the polynomials in the standard vector form

The vectorsof the given polynomials can be written as follows:

\(1 + 2{t^3} \equiv \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1\\0\\0\\2\end{array}} \right)\),\(\left( {2 + t - 3{t^2}} \right) \equiv \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}2\\1\\{ - 3}\\0\end{array}} \right)\),\(\left( { - t + 2{t^2} - {t^3}} \right) \equiv \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}0\\{ - 1}\\2\\{ - 1}\end{array}} \right)\)

02

Form the matrix using the vectors

The matrix formed by using the vectors of the polynomials is:

\(A = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1&2&0\\0&1&{ - 1}\\0&{ - 3}&2\\2&0&{ - 1}\end{array}} \right)\)

03

Write the matrix in the echelon form

\(\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1&2&0\\0&1&{ - 1}\\0&{ - 3}&2\\2&0&{ - 1}\end{array}} \right) \sim \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1&0&0\\0&1&0\\0&0&1\\0&0&0\end{array}} \right)\)

As the matrix has a pivot in each column, its columns are linearly independent.

So, the polynomials are linearly independent.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The null space of a \({\bf{5}} \times {\bf{6}}\) matrix A is 4-dimensional, what is the dimension of the column space of A.

Use coordinate vector to test whether the following sets of poynomial span \({{\bf{P}}_{\bf{2}}}\). Justify your conclusions.

a. \({\bf{1}} - {\bf{3}}t + {\bf{5}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\), \( - {\bf{3}} + {\bf{5}}t - {\bf{7}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\), \( - {\bf{4}} + {\bf{5}}t - {\bf{6}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\), \({\bf{1}} - {t^{\bf{2}}}\)

b. \({\bf{5}}t + {t^{\bf{2}}}\), \({\bf{1}} - {\bf{8}}t - {\bf{2}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\), \( - {\bf{3}} + {\bf{4}}t + {\bf{2}}{t^{\bf{2}}}\), \({\bf{2}} - {\bf{3}}t\)

If the null space of A \({\bf{7}} \times {\bf{6}}\) matrix A is 4-dimensional, what is the dimension of the column space of A?

Let \({M_{2 \times 2}}\) be the vector space of all \(2 \times 2\) matrices, and define \(T:{M_{2 \times 2}} \to {M_{2 \times 2}}\) by \(T\left( A \right) = A + {A^T}\), where \(A = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}a&b\\c&d\end{array}} \right)\).

  1. Show that \(T\)is a linear transformation.
  2. Let \(B\) be any element of \({M_{2 \times 2}}\) such that \({B^T} = B\). Find an \(A\) in \({M_{2 \times 2}}\) such that \(T\left( A \right) = B\).
  3. Show that the range of \(T\) is the set of \(B\) in \({M_{2 \times 2}}\) with the property that \({B^T} = B\).
  4. Describe the kernel of \(T\).

Question: Determine if the matrix pairs in Exercises 19-22 are controllable.

20. \(A = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{.8}&{ - .3}&0\\{.2}&{.5}&1\\0&0&{ - .5}\end{array}} \right),B = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}1\\1\\0\end{array}} \right)\).

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