Chapter 2: Q23Q (page 93)
Suppose \(CA = {I_n}\)(the \(n \times n\) identity matrix). Show that the equation \(Ax = 0\) has only the trivial solution. Explain why Acannot have more columns than rows.
Amust have at least as many rows as columns because each pivot is in a different row.
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Suppose \(\left( {B - C} \right)D = 0\), where Band Care \(m \times n\) matrices and \(D\) is invertible. Show that B = C.
Suppose Tand U are linear transformations from \({\mathbb{R}^n}\) to \({\mathbb{R}^n}\) such that \(T\left( {U{\mathop{\rm x}\nolimits} } \right) = {\mathop{\rm x}\nolimits} \) for all x in \({\mathbb{R}^n}\) . Is it true that \(U\left( {T{\mathop{\rm x}\nolimits} } \right) = {\mathop{\rm x}\nolimits} \) for all x in \({\mathbb{R}^n}\)? Why or why not?
In Exercises 1–9, assume that the matrices are partitioned conformably for block multiplication. In Exercises 5–8, find formulas for X, Y, and Zin terms of A, B, and C, and justify your calculations. In some cases, you may need to make assumptions about the size of a matrix in order to produce a formula. [Hint:Compute the product on the left, and set it equal to the right side.]
5. \[\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}A&B\\C&{\bf{0}}\end{array}} \right]\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}I&{\bf{0}}\\X&Y\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\bf{0}}&I\\Z&{\bf{0}}\end{array}} \right]\]
In Exercises 27 and 28, view vectors in \({\mathbb{R}^n}\) as \(n \times 1\) matrices. For \({\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} \) and \({\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} \) in \({\mathbb{R}^n}\), the matrix product \({{\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} ^T}v\) is a \(1 \times 1\) matrix, called the scalar product, or inner product, of u and v. It is usually written as a single real number without brackets. The matrix product \({{\mathop{\rm uv}\nolimits} ^T}\) is an \(n \times n\) matrix, called the outer product of u and v. The products \({{\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} ^T}{\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} \) and \({{\mathop{\rm uv}\nolimits} ^T}\) will appear later in the text.
27. Let \({\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} = \left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}{ - 2}\\3\\{ - 4}\end{aligned}} \right)\) and \({\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} = \left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}a\\b\\c\end{aligned}} \right)\). Compute \({{\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} ^T}{\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} \), \({{\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} ^T}{\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} \),\({{\mathop{\rm uv}\nolimits} ^T}\), and \({\mathop{\rm v}\nolimits} {{\mathop{\rm u}\nolimits} ^T}\).
Solve the equation \(AB = BC\) for A, assuming that A, B, and C are square and Bis invertible.
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