Chapter 2: Q22Q (page 93)
If the equation \(Hx = c\) is inconsistent for some c in \({\mathbb{R}^{\bf{n}}}\), what can you say about the equation \(Hx = {\bf{0}}\)? Why?
The equation \(Hx = 0\) has a nontrivial solution because H is not invertible.
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Suppose AB = AC, where Band Care \(n \times p\) matrices and A is invertible. Show that B = C. Is this true, in general, when A is not invertible.
In Exercises 1–9, assume that the matrices are partitioned conformably for block multiplication. In Exercises 5–8, find formulas for X, Y, and Zin terms of A, B, and C, and justify your calculations. In some cases, you may need to make assumptions about the size of a matrix in order to produce a formula. [Hint:Compute the product on the left, and set it equal to the right side.]
5. \[\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}A&B\\C&{\bf{0}}\end{array}} \right]\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}I&{\bf{0}}\\X&Y\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\bf{0}}&I\\Z&{\bf{0}}\end{array}} \right]\]
Use partitioned matrices to prove by induction that the product of two lower triangular matrices is also lower triangular. [Hint: \(A\left( {k + 1} \right) \times \left( {k + 1} \right)\) matrix \({A_1}\) can be written in the form below, where \[a\] is a scalar, v is in \({\mathbb{R}^k}\), and Ais a \(k \times k\) lower triangular matrix. See the study guide for help with induction.]
\({A_1} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}a&{{0^T}}\\0&A\end{array}} \right]\).
In Exercises 1–9, assume that the matrices are partitioned conformably for block multiplication. In Exercises 5–8, find formulas for X, Y, and Zin terms of A, B, and C, and justify your calculations. In some cases, you may need to make assumptions about the size of a matrix in order to produce a formula. [Hint:Compute the product on the left, and set it equal to the right side.]
7. \[\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}X&{\bf{0}}&{\bf{0}}\\Y&{\bf{0}}&I\end{array}} \right]\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}A&Z\\{\bf{0}}&{\bf{0}}\\B&I\end{array}} \right] = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}I&{\bf{0}}\\{\bf{0}}&I\end{array}} \right]\]
[M] For block operations, it may be necessary to access or enter submatrices of a large matrix. Describe the functions or commands of your matrix program that accomplish the following tasks. Suppose A is a \(20 \times 30\) matrix.
[Note: It may not be necessary to specify the zero blocks in B.]
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