Question

Use the following information to answer the next eight exercises: An article in the New England Journal of Medicine, discussed a study on smokers in California and Hawaii. In one part of the report, the self-reported ethnicity and smoking levels per day were given. Of the people smoking at most ten cigarettes per day, there were $9886$ African Americans, $2745$ Native Hawaiians, $12,831$ Latinos, $8,378$ Japanese Americans and $7,650$ whites. Of the people smoking $11$ to $20$ cigarettes per day, there were $6,514$ African Americans, $3,062$ Native Hawaiians, $4,932$ Latinos, $10,680$ Japanese Americans, and $9,877$ whites. Of the people smoking $21$ to $30$ cigarettes per day, there were $1,671$ African Americans, $1,419$ Native Hawaiians, $1,406$ Latinos, $4,715$ Japanese Americans, and $6,062$ whites. Of the people smoking at least $31$ cigarettes per day, there were $759$ African Americans, $788$ Native Hawaiians, $800$ Latinos, $2,305$ Japanese Americans, and $3,970$ whites.

Graph the situation. Label and scale the horizontal axis. Mark the mean and test statistic. Shade in the region corresponding to the $p-$value.

Short answer

$\alpha =0.05$ So take decision “reject the null hypothesis $H_0$”because $p-value<\alpha$ so $p-$value is $0$ therefore “reject the null hypothesis” so the alternative got accepted so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that self reported ethnicity is dependent of the smoking levels per day.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1. Given information

Given graph-

Step 2. Explanation

$\alpha =0.05$ So take decision “reject the null hypothesis $H_0$”because $p-value<\alpha$ so $p-$value is $0$ therefore “reject the null hypothesis” so the alternative got accepted so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that self reported ethnicity is dependent of the smoking levels per day.