Question

Use the following information to answer the next eight exercises: An article in the New England Journal of Medicine, discussed a study on smokers in California and Hawaii. In one part of the report, the self-reported ethnicity and smoking levels per day were given. Of the people smoking at most ten cigarettes per day, there were \(9886\) African Americans, \(2745\) Native Hawaiians, \(12,831\) Latinos, \(8,378\) Japanese Americans and \(7,650\) whites. Of the people smoking \(11\) to \(20\) cigarettes per day, there were \(6,514\) African Americans, \(3,062\) Native Hawaiians, \(4,932\) Latinos, \(10,680\) Japanese Americans, and \(9,877\) whites. Of the people smoking \(21\) to \(30\) cigarettes per day, there were \(1,671\) African Americans, \(1,419\) Native Hawaiians, \(1,406\) Latinos, \(4,715\) Japanese Americans, and \(6,062\) whites. Of the people smoking at least \(31\) cigarettes per day, there were \(759\) African Americans, \(788\) Native Hawaiians, \(800\) Latinos, \(2,305\) Japanese Americans, and \(3,970\) whites.

Graph the situation. Label and scale the horizontal axis. Mark the mean and test statistic. Shade in the region corresponding to the \(p-\)value.

Short answer

\(\alpha =0.05\) So take decision “reject the null hypothesis \(H_{0}\)”because \(p-value<\alpha\) so \(p-\)value is \(0\) therefore “reject the null hypothesis” so the alternative got accepted so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that self reported ethnicity is dependent of the smoking levels per day.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1. Given information

Given graph-

Step 2. Explanation

\(\alpha =0.05\) So take decision “reject the null hypothesis \(H_{0}\)”because \(p-value<\alpha\) so \(p-\)value is \(0\) therefore “reject the null hypothesis” so the alternative got accepted so there is sufficient evidence to conclude that self reported ethnicity is dependent of the smoking levels per day.