Chapter 4: Q. 33 (page 285)
What does the column "P(x)" sum to and why?
The sum of the probabilities sum to one because it is a probability distribution.
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At The Fencing Center, 60% of the fencers use the foil as their main weapon. We randomly survey 25 fencers at The Fencing Center. We are interested in the number of fencers who do not use the foil as their main weapon.
a. In words, define the random variable X.
b. List the values that X may take on.
c. Give the distribution of X. X ~ _____(_____,_____)
d. How many are expected to not to use the foil as their main weapon?
e. Find the probability that six do not use the foil as their main weapon.
f. Based on numerical values, would you be surprised if all 25 did not use foil as their main weapon? Justify your answer numerically.
A palette has 200 milk cartons. Of the 200 cartons, it is known that ten of them have leaked and cannot be sold. A stock clerk randomly chooses 18 for inspection. He wants to know the probability that among the 18, no more than two are leaking. Give five reasons why this is a hypergeometric problem.
A lacrosse team is selecting a captain. The names of all the seniors are put into a hat, and the first three that are drawn will be the captains. The names are not replaced once they are drawn (one person cannot be two captains). You want to see if the captains all play the same position. State whether this is binomial or not and state why.
Complete the expected value table.
The World Bank records the prevalence of HIV in countries around the world. According to their data, “Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15 to 49 who are infected with HIV.”[1] In South Africa, the prevalence of HIV is 17.3%. Let X = the number of people you test until you find a person infected with HIV.
a. Sketch a graph of the distribution of the discrete random variable X.
b. What is the probability that you must test 30 people to find one with HIV?
c. What is the probability that you must ask ten people?
d. Find the
(i) mean and
(ii) standard deviation of the distribution of X.
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