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The initial value problem \[\frac{{{\bf{dx}}}}{{{\bf{dt}}}}{\bf{ = 3}}{{\bf{x}}^{\frac{{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{3}}}}}{\bf{,}}\;{\bf{x(0) = 1}}\] has a unique solution in some open interval around t = 0.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The given statement is true.

Step by step solution

01

Finding partial derivatives

Since \[\frac{{{\bf{dx}}}}{{{\bf{dt}}}}{\bf{ = 3}}{{\bf{x}}^{\frac{{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{3}}}}}\]

Then\[\frac{{\partial {\bf{f}}}}{{\partial {\bf{x}}}}{\bf{ = }}\frac{{\bf{2}}}{{\sqrt[{\bf{3}}]{{\bf{x}}}}}\]

02

Checking the final result

Apply the initial conditions\[x\left( 0 \right) = 1\]

\[\frac{{\partial f}}{{\partial x}}{\bf{ = }}\frac{{\bf{2}}}{{\bf{0}}}\]

The result is infinite.

The given function is discontinuous a x = 0. So the function is not continuous in a rectangle containing the point (0,1).

Therefore, the statement is True.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Oscillations and Nonlinear Equations. For the initial value problem x''+(0.1)(1-x2)x'+x=0;x(0)=xo,x'(0)=0using the vectorized Runge–Kutta algorithm with h = 0.02 to illustrate that as t increases from 0 to 20, the solution x exhibits damped oscillations when xo=1, whereas exhibits expanding oscillations when xo=2.1,.

Spring Pendulum.Let a mass be attached to one end of a spring with spring constant kand the other end attached to the ceiling. Letlo be the natural length of the spring, and let l(t) be its length at time t. Ifθ(t) is the angle between the pendulum and the vertical, then the motion of the spring pendulum is governed by the system

l''(t)-l(t)θ'(t)-gcosθ(t)+km(l-lo)=0l2(t)θ''(t)+2l(t)l'(t)θ'(t)+gl(t)sinθ(t)=0

Assume g = 1, k = m = 1, and lo= 4. When the system is at rest, l=lo+mgk=5.

a. Describe the motion of the pendulum when l(0)=5.5,l'(0)=0,θ(0)=0,θ'(0)=0.

b. When the pendulum is both stretched and given an angular displacement, the motion of the pendulum is more complicated. Using the Runge–Kutta algorithm for systems with h = 0.1 to approximate the solution, sketch the graphs of the length l and the angular displacement u on the interval [0,10] if l(0)=5.5,l'(0)=0,θ(0)=0.5,θ'(0)=0.

Decide whether the statement made is True or False. The relation x2+y3-ey=1 is an implicit solution to dydx=ey-2x3y2.

Nonlinear Spring.The Duffing equationy''+y+ry3=0 where ris a constant is a model for the vibrations of amass attached to a nonlinearspring. For this model, does the period of vibration vary as the parameter ris varied?

Does the period vary as the initial conditions are varied? [Hint:Use the vectorized Runge–Kutta algorithm with h= 0.1 to approximate the solutions for r= 1 and 2,

with initial conditionsy(0)=a,y'(0)=0 for a = 1, 2, and 3.]

In Problems 14–24, you will need a computer and a programmed version of the vectorized classical fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. (At the instructor’s discretion, other algorithms may be used.)†

Using the vectorized Runge–Kutta algorithm for systems withh=0.175, approximate the solution to the initial value problemx'=2x-y;x(0)=0,y'=3x+6y;y(0)=-2 att=1.

Compare this approximation to the actual solution.

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