Explain how each graph is obtained from the graph of\({\bf{y = f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right)\).
(a)\({\bf{y = f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right){\bf{ + 8}}\)
(b)\({\bf{y = f}}\left( {{\bf{x + 8}}} \right)\)\(\begin{array}{l}{\bf{y = f}}\left( {{\bf{x + 8}}} \right)\\{\bf{y = 8f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right)\\{\bf{y = f}}\left( {{\bf{8x}}} \right)\\{\bf{y = - f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right){\bf{ - 1}}\\{\bf{y = 8f}}\left( {\frac{{\bf{1}}}{{\bf{8}}}{\bf{x}}} \right)\\\end{array}\)
(c)\({\bf{y = 8f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right)\)
(d)\({\bf{y = f}}\left( {{\bf{8x}}} \right)\)\(\)
(e)\({\bf{y = - f}}\left( {\bf{x}} \right){\bf{ - 1}}\)
(f)\({\bf{y = 8f}}\left( {\frac{{\bf{1}}}{{\bf{8}}}{\bf{x}}} \right)\)