Chapter 1: Q 1.30. (page 15)
Provide a scenario of your own in which a sample is not representative.
A sample from a particular school's 12th standard students is not a representative sample for judging the performance of all the students of the 12th standard in a particular subject.
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In a designed experiment, there is one factor with five levels. How many treatments are there?
Genocide. The document "American Attitudes about Genocide" provided highlights of a nationwide poll with 1000 participants. The survey, conducted by Penn Schoen Berland between June 30 and July 10, 2012, revealed that "66% of respondents believe that genocide is preventable."
(a). Is the statement in quotes an inferential or a descriptive statement? Explain your answer.
(b). Based on the same information, what if the statement had been "66% of Americans believe that genocide is preventable"?
Immunization of Schoolchildren. In the article, "Reasons for Non - uptake of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Catch Up Immunisation in a Measles Epidemic and Side Effects of the Vaccine" (British Medical Journal,Vol. 310, pp. 1629-1632), R. Roberts et al . discussed a follow-up survey to examine why almost 10,000 children, ages 11-15, whose records showed no previous immunization were not immunized. In the survey, 10 of the 46 schools participating in the immunization campaign were randomly chosen and then the parents of all the nonimmunized children at the 10 selected schools were sent a questionnaire. What type of sampling design was used by these authors in their survey? Explain your answer.
In Exercises 1.7-1.12, classify each of the studies as either descriptive or inferential. Explain your answers.
Dow Jones Industrial Averages. From the Stock Performance Guide, published online by Istockl on the website 1Stock1.com, we found the closing values of the Dow Jones Industrial Averages as of the end of December for the years 2004 through 2013.
In Exercises 1.17-1.22, state whether the investigation in question is an observational study or a designed experiment. Justify your answer in each case.
Sex, Sleep, and PTSD. In the article, "One's Sex, Sleep, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder" (Biology of Sex Differences, Vol. 3, No. 29, pp. 1-7), I. Kobayashi et al. study the relationship between one's sex, sleep patterns, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma exposure. The authors report that women have a higher lifetime prevalence of PTSD as well as a greater risk of developing PTSD following trauma exposure. Relationships between sleep and physical health have been documented in a number of studies, and the authors explore the possibility that disruptive sleep habits are common among people with PTSD and also a possible risk factor for the development of PTSD. A questionnaire of men and women with and without PTSD produced data on their sleep habits.
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