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Chapter 1: Q 1.22. (page 8)

In Exercises 1.17-1.22, state whether the investigation in question is an observational study or a designed experiment. Justify your answer in each case.
Starting Salaries. The National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) compiles information on salary offers to new college graduates and publishes the results in Salary Survey.
Do you think that these rates are descriptive statistics or inferential statistics? Explain your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The investigation in question is an observational study.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Given information.

The given investigation is:

The National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE) compiles information on salary offers to new college graduates and publishes the results in Salary Survey.

02

Step 2. State whether the given investigation is an observational study or a designed experiment.

This is a case of observational study.

As in a sample survey, researchers merely observe characteristics and take measurements in an observational study.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify some methods used in descriptive statistics.

Ballistic Fingerprinting. In an on-line press release, ABCNews.com reported that "...73 percent of Americans... favor a law that would require every gun sold in the United States to be test-fired first, so law enforcement would have its fingerprint in case it were ever used in a crime."

(a). Do you think that the statement in the press release is inferential or descriptive? Can you be sure?

(b). Actually, ABCNews.com conducted a telephone survey of a random national sample of 1032 adults and determined that 73% of them favored a law that would require every gun sold in the United States to be test-fired first, so law enforcement would have its fingerprint in case it were ever used in a crime. How would you rephrase the statement in the press release to make clear that it is a descriptive statement? an inferential statement?

In Exercises 1.92-1.97, we present descriptions of designed experiments. In each case, identify the

(a) experimental units

(b) response variable

(c) factor (s)

(d) levels of each factor:-

(e) treatments.

The Lion's Mane. In a study by P. M. West titled "The Lion's Mane" ( American Scientist, Vol. 93, No. 3, pp. 226-236), the effects of the mane of a male lion as a signal of quality to mates and rivals was explored. Four life-sized dummies of male lions provided a tool for testing female response to the unfamiliar lions whose manes varied by length (long or short) and color (blonde or dark). The female lions were observed to see whether they approached each of the four life-sized dummies.

Immunization of Schoolchildren. In the article, "Reasons for Non - uptake of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Catch Up Immunisation in a Measles Epidemic and Side Effects of the Vaccine" (British Medical Journal,Vol. 310, pp. 1629-1632), R. Roberts et al . discussed a follow-up survey to examine why almost 10,000 children, ages 11-15, whose records showed no previous immunization were not immunized. In the survey, 10 of the 46 schools participating in the immunization campaign were randomly chosen and then the parents of all the nonimmunized children at the 10 selected schools were sent a questionnaire. What type of sampling design was used by these authors in their survey? Explain your answer.

Quick Vote. TalkBack Live, a production of CNN, conducted on-line surveys on various issues. One survey, called a QuickVote, of 680 people asked "Would you vote for a third-party candidate?" Of the 680 people surveyed, 608 ( 89.4 % ) responded "yes" and 72 ( 10.6 % ) responded "no." Beneath the vote tally, the following statement regarding the sampling procedure was found:

This QuickVote is not scientific and reflects the opinions of only those Internet users who have chosen to participate. The results cannot be assumed to represent the opinions of Internet users in general, nor the public as a whole. The Quick Vote sponsor is not responsible for content, functionality or the opinions expressed therein.

Discuss the preceding statement in light of what you have learned in this chapter.

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