Question

In Exercises 9–12, find the indicated IQ score and round to the nearest whole number. The graphs depict IQ scores of adults, and those scores are normally distributed with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 (as on the Wechsler IQ test).

Short answer

The IQ score area, the right of which is 0.1587, is 115.

Step-by-step solution

Given information

A shaded region is shown in the graph for the standard normal distribution of the IQ scores of adults.

The mean IQ score is 100.

The standard deviation of the IQ score is 15.

The area of the shaded region is 0.1587.

State the relationship between area and probability 

The left-tailed area is equal to the cumulative probabilities that are obtained by using the standard normal table (Table A-2) for z scores.

In the case of finding the right-tailed areas, the difference of these cumulative probabilities from 1 gives the required area toward the right of the z score.

Obtain the z score corresponding to the IQ score x

Let X represent the IQ score of adults.

The variable X is normally distributed with the mean $\mu =100$, and the standard deviation is $\sigma =15$.

The area to the right of x is 0.1587, along with the corresponding z score of z.

Mathematically,

$$\begin{gathered} P\left(Z>z\right)=0.1587 \\ 1-P\left(Z<z\right)=0.1587 \\ P\left(Z<z\right)=0.8413 \end{gathered}$$

Using the standard normal table, the area of 0.1587 is observed corresponding to the row value 1.0 and the column value 0.0, which implies that the z score is 1.

Therefore,

$P\left(Z>1\right)=0.1587$

Thus, the z score corresponding to x is 1.

Obtain the value of x 

The IQ score is computed as

$$\begin{gathered} \frac{x-\mu }{\sigma }=1 \\ \frac{x-100}{15}=1 \\ x=\left(1\times 15\right)+100 \\ =115 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore, the area to the right of the IQ score 115 is 0.1587.