Chapter 1: Q32BB (page 1)
In Exercises 29–32, indicate whether the observational study used is cross-sectional, retrospective, or prospective.
Framingham Heart Study The Framingham Heart Study was started in 1948 and is ongoing. Its focus is on heart disease.
As the study is ongoing, it is a prospective observational study.
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Determine whether the data are from discrete data or continuous data set.
House AttendanceThe Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives records the number of representatives present at each session.
In Exercises 29–36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Percentages in Advertising A New York Times editorial criticized a chart caption that described a dental rinse as one that “reduces plaque on teeth by over 300%.” What is wrong with this statement?
Reported versus Measured. In a survey of 1046 adults conducted by Bradley Corporation, subjects were asked how often they wash their hands when using a public restroom, and 70% of the respondents said “always.”
a. Identify the sample and the population.
b. Why would better results be obtained by observing hand washing instead of asking about it?
In Exercises 29–36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Workplace Attire In a survey conducted by Opinion Research Corporation, 1000 adults were asked to identify “what is inappropriate in the workplace.” Of the 1000 subjects, 70% said that miniskirts were not appropriate in the workplace.
a. What is 70% of 1000?
b. Among the 1000 respondents, 550 said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace. What percentage of respondents said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace?
In Exercises 21–24, refer to the data in the table below. The entries are white blood cell counts (1000 cells,ML) and red blood cell counts (million cells,ML) from male subjects examined as part of a large health study conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. The data are matched, so that the first subject has a white blood cell count of 8.7 and a red blood cell count of 4.91, and so on.
Subject
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| White | 8.7 | 5.9 | 7.3 | 6.2 | 5.9 |
| Red | 4.91 | 5.59 | 4.44 | 4.8 | 5.17 |
Source of the Data Considering the source of the data, does that source appear to be biased in some way?
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