Chapter 8: Q. 14 (page 392)
True or false: A - value of provides more evidence against the null hypothesis than a - value of . Explain your answer
The given statement is true.
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Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Mendelian Genetics When Mendel conducted his famous genetics experiments with peas, one sample of offspring consisted of 428 green peas and 152 yellow peas. Use a 0.01 significance level to test Mendel’s claim that under the same circumstances, 25% of offspring peas will be yellow. What can we conclude about Mendel’s claim?
Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 13–24, assume that a simple random sample has been selected and test the given claim. Unless specified by your instructor, use either the P-value method or the critical value method for testing hypotheses. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.
Cans of Coke Data Set 26 “Cola Weights and Volumes” in Appendix B includes volumes (ounces) of a sample of cans of regular Coke. The summary statistics are n = 36, x = 12.19 oz, s = 0.11 oz. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that cans of Coke have a mean volume of 12.00 ounces. Does it appear that consumers are being cheated?
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
M&Ms Data Set 27 “M&M Weights” in Appendix B lists data from 100 M&Ms, and 27% of them are blue. The Mars candy company claims that the percentage of blue M&Ms is equal to 24%. Use a 0.05 significance level to test that claim. Should the Mars company take corrective action?
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9–32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Stem Cell Survey Adults were randomly selected for a Newsweek poll. They were asked if they “favor or oppose using federal tax dollars to fund medical research using stem cells obtained from human embryos.” Of those polled, 481 were in favor, 401 were opposed, and 120 were unsure. A politician claims that people don’t really understand the stem cell issue and their responses to such questions are random responses equivalent to a coin toss. Exclude the 120 subjects who said that they were unsure, and use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the proportion of subjects who respond in favor is equal to 0.5. What does the result suggest about the politician’s claim?
Vitamin C and Aspirin A bottle contains a label stating that it contains Spring Valley pills with 500 mg of vitamin C, and another bottle contains a label stating that it contains Bayer pills with 325 mg of aspirin. When testing claims about the mean contents of the pills, which would have more serious implications: rejection of the Spring Valley vitamin C claim or rejection of the Bayer aspirin claim? Is it wise to use the same significance level for hypothesis tests about the mean amount of vitamin C and the mean amount of aspirin?
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