Question

For 100 births, P(exactly 56 girls) = 0.0390 and P(56 or more girls) = 0.136. Is 56 girls in 100 births a significantly high number of girls? Which probability is relevant to answering that question?

Short answer

56 is not a significantly high number of girls, which is determined by the probability of 56 or more girls in 100 births, which is 0.136.

Step-by-step solution

Given information

The number of births is 100.

The probabilities are given as

$$\begin{gathered} P\left(\text{Exactly}\text{56}\text{girls}\right)=0.0390 \\ P\left(\text{56}\text{or}\text{more}\text{girls}\right)=0.136 \end{gathered}$$

 Significantly high probabilities

The probability of an event is significantly high if the possibility of that event or more number of such events is 0.05 or lesser.

Similarly, if the probability of an event or fewer than those is 0.05 or lesser, the event is recognized as significantly low.

Check for the count of 56 girls in 100 births

The probability of 56 or more girls in 100 is 0.136, which is greater than 0.05.

This implies that it is likely to obtain 56 or more girls among 100 births.

Therefore, 56 girls are not a significantly high number of girls.

Also, the probability that is relevant to answer the provided question is the probability of 56 or more girls, which is 0.136.