Chapter 1: Q30E. (page 35)
Show that is a tautology
is a tautology.
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Use De Morgan’s laws to find the negation of each of the following statements.
(a) Jan is rich and happy.
(b) Carlos will bicycle or run tomorrow.
(c) Mei walks or takes the bus to the class.
(d) Ibrahim is smart and hard working.
Solve this famous logic puzzle, attributed to Albert Einstein, and known as the zebra puzzle. Five men with different nationalities and with different jobs live in consecutive houses on a street. These houses are painted different colors. The men have different pets and have different favorite drinks. Determine who owns a zeb whose favorite drink is mineral water (which is one of the favorite drinks) given these clues: The Englishman lives in the red house. The Spaniard owns a dog. The Japanese man is a painter. The Italian drinks tea. The Norwegian lives in the first house on the left. The green house is immediately to the right of the white one. The photographer breeds snails. The diplomat lives in the yellow house. Milk is drunk in the middle house. The owner of the green house drinks coffee. The Norwegian’s house is next to the blue one. The violinist drinks orange juice. The fox is in a house next to that of the physician. The horse is in a house next to that of the diplomat.
[Hint: Make a table where the rows represent the men and columns represent the color of their houses, their jobs, their pets, and their favorite drinks and use logical reasoning to determine the correct entries in the table.]
Which of these sentences are propositions? What are the truth values of those that are propositions?
Let p, q, and r be the propositions p : You get an A on the final exam. q : You do every exercise in this book. r : You get an A in this class. Write these propositions using p, q, and r and logical connectives (including negations).
a)You get an A in this class, but you do not do every exercise in this book.
b) You get an A on the final, you do every exercise in this book, and you get an A in this class.
c) To get an A in this class, it is necessary for you to get an A on the final.
d) You get an A on the final, but you don’t do every exercise in this book; nevertheless, you get an A in this class.
e) Getting an A on the final and doing every exercise in this book is sufficient for getting an A in this class.
f ) You will get an A in this class if and only if you either do every exercise in this book or you get an A on the final.
You can see the movie only if you are over 18 years old or you have the permission of a parent. Express your answer in terms of m: “You can see the movie,” e: “You are over 18 years old,” and p: “You have the permission of a parent.”
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