Chapter 11: Problem 1
What is the curvature of a straight line?
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Compute the indefinite integral of the following functions. $$\mathbf{r}(t)=e^{3 t} \mathbf{i}+\frac{1}{1+t^{2}} \mathbf{j}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2 t}} \mathbf{k}$$
Evaluate the following definite integrals. $$\int_{0}^{\ln 2}\left(e^{t} \mathbf{i}+e^{t} \cos \left(\pi e^{t}\right) \mathbf{j}\right) d t$$
Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality The definition \(\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}=|\mathbf{u}||\mathbf{v}| \cos \theta\) implies that \(|\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}| \leq|\mathbf{u}||\mathbf{v}|\) (because \(|\cos \theta| \leq 1\) ). This inequality, known as the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality, holds in any number of dimensions and has many consequences. What conditions on \(\mathbf{u}\) and \(\mathbf{v}\) lead to equality in the CauchySchwarz Inequality?
Let \(\mathbf{r}(t)=\langle f(t), g(t), h(t)\rangle\). a. Assume that \(\lim \mathbf{r}(t)=\mathbf{L}=\left\langle L_{1}, L_{2}, L_{3}\right\rangle,\) which means that \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a}|\mathbf{r}(t)-\mathbf{L}|=0 .\) Prove that \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a} f(t)=L_{1}, \quad \lim _{t \rightarrow a} g(t)=L_{2}, \quad\) and \(\quad \lim _{t \rightarrow a} h(t)=L_{3}\). b. Assume that \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a} f(t)=L_{1}, \lim _{t \rightarrow a} g(t)=L_{2},\) and \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a} h(t)=L_{3} .\) Prove that \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a} \mathbf{r}(t)=\mathbf{L}=\left\langle L_{1}, L_{2}, L_{3}\right\rangle\) which means that \(\lim _{t \rightarrow a}|\mathbf{r}(t)-\mathbf{L}|=0\).
Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality The definition \(\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}=|\mathbf{u}||\mathbf{v}| \cos \theta\) implies that \(|\mathbf{u} \cdot \mathbf{v}| \leq|\mathbf{u}||\mathbf{v}|\) (because \(|\cos \theta| \leq 1\) ). This inequality, known as the Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality, holds in any number of dimensions and has many consequences. Geometric-arithmetic mean Use the vectors \(\mathbf{u}=\langle\sqrt{a}, \sqrt{b}\rangle\) and \(\mathbf{v}=\langle\sqrt{b}, \sqrt{a}\rangle\) to show that \(\sqrt{a b} \leq(a+b) / 2,\) where \(a \geq 0\) and \(b \geq 0\).
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