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Find the average rate of change of \(h(x)=x^{2}-2 x+3\) (a) From -1 to 1 (b) From 0 to 2 (c) From 2 to 5

Short Answer

Expert verified
The average rate of change is (a) -2, (b) 0, (c) 5.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Average Rate of Change

The average rate of change of a function between two points is given by the formula: \[ \text{Average Rate of Change} = \frac{f(b) - f(a)}{b - a} \]where \(a\) and \(b\) are the two points.
02

Calculate the average rate of change from -1 to 1

First, find \(h(-1)\) and \(h(1)\). \[ h(-1) = (-1)^2 - 2(-1) + 3 = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6 \] \[ h(1) = (1)^2 - 2(1) + 3 = 1 - 2 + 3 = 2 \]Now use the formula: \[ \text{Average Rate of Change} = \frac{h(1) - h(-1)}{1 - (-1)} = \frac{2 - 6}{1 + 1} = \frac{-4}{2} = -2 \]
03

Calculate the average rate of change from 0 to 2

First, find \(h(0)\) and \(h(2)\). \[ h(0) = (0)^2 - 2(0) + 3 = 3 \] \[ h(2) = (2)^2 - 2(2) + 3 = 4 - 4 + 3 = 3 \]Now use the formula: \[ \text{Average Rate of Change} = \frac{h(2) - h(0)}{2 - 0} = \frac{3 - 3}{2} = 0 \]
04

Calculate the average rate of change from 2 to 5

First, find \(h(2)\) and \(h(5)\). \[ h(2) = (2)^2 - 2(2) + 3 = 3 \] \[ h(5) = (5)^2 - 2(5) + 3 = 25 - 10 + 3 = 18 \]Now use the formula: \[ \text{Average Rate of Change} = \frac{h(5) - h(2)}{5 - 2} = \frac{18 - 3}{5 - 2} = \frac{15}{3} = 5 \]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

quadratic function
A quadratic function is a type of polynomial function where the highest degree of the variable is squared. The general form of a quadratic function is represented as: \[ f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c \] Here, \({a, b, c}\) are constants, and \({a eq 0}\). For the given exercise, the quadratic function is \({ h(x) = x^2 - 2x + 3 }\).
Quadratic functions form a parabola when graphed. The standard form helps find important features of the function, such as the vertex, axis of symmetry, and direction of opening (upward or downward).
To solve problems involving quadratic functions, being familiar with their properties and how changes in \({ a, b, }\) and \({ c }\) affect the graph, is essential.}
algebra
Algebra is a broad branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating those symbols. It is used to represent and solve problems involving unknown values and quantities.
In the context of this exercise, algebraic skills are crucial for simplifying expressions and using formulas. For instance, to find the average rate of change, you need to evaluate the quadratic function at specific points, requiring basic algebraic manipulation like substituting values and simplifying.
Algebra provides the foundation for understanding how variables interact and is essential for tackling more complex mathematical topics, including calculus. By mastering algebra, you'll be more equipped to solve a wide range of mathematical problems.}
function evaluation
Function evaluation involves finding the output of a function for a given input. This process is fundamental in mathematics because it helps understand the behavior of functions at specific points.
For the quadratic function \({ h(x) = x^2 - 2x + 3 }\), evaluating the function at a specific point \({ x }\) requires substituting \({ x }\) with the given value and simplifying.
In the exercise, to find the average rate of change, you need to evaluate the function at the endpoints of the intervals \({[a, b]}\). For example, to find \({ h(-1) }\) and \({ h(1) }\), you substitute these values into the quadratic function and simplify:

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the standard form of the equation of a circle with center (3,-2) and radius \(r=\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\).

\(f(x)=-4 x+1\) (a) Find the average rate of change from 2 to 5 . (b) Find an equation of the secant line containing \((2, f(2))\) and \((5, f(5))\)

Suppose that the graph of a function \(f\) is known. Explain how the graph of \(y=f(x)-2\) differs from the graph of \(y=f(x-2)\).

The slope of the secant line containing the two points \((x, f(x))\) and \((x+h, f(x+h))\) on the graph of a function \(y=f(x)\) may be given as \(m_{\mathrm{sec}}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{(x+h)-x}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} \quad h \neq 0\) (a) Express the slope of the secant line of each function in terms of \(x\) and \(h\). Be sure to simplify your answer. (b) Find \(m_{\text {sec }}\) for \(h=0.5,0.1\), and 0.01 at \(x=1 .\) What value does \(m_{\text {sec }}\) approach as h approaches \(0 ?\) (c) Find an equation for the secant line at \(x=1\) with \(h=0.01\). (d) Use a graphing utility to graph fand the secant line found in part ( \(c\) ) in the same viewing window. Problems \(85-92\) require the following discussion of a secant line. The slope of the secant line containing the two points \((x, f(x))\) and \((x+h, f(x+h))\) on the graph of a function \(y=f(x)\) may be given as \(m_{\mathrm{sec}}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{(x+h)-x}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} \quad h \neq 0\) (a) Express the slope of the secant line of each function in terms of \(x\) and \(h\). Be sure to simplify your answer. (b) Find \(m_{\text {sec }}\) for \(h=0.5,0.1\), and 0.01 at \(x=1 .\) What value does \(m_{\text {sec }}\) approach as h approaches \(0 ?\) (c) Find an equation for the secant line at \(x=1\) with \(h=0.01\). (d) Use a graphing utility to graph fand the secant line found in part ( \(c\) ) in the same viewing window. \(f(x)=\frac{1}{x}\)

The slope of the secant line containing the two points \((x, f(x))\) and \((x+h, f(x+h))\) on the graph of a function \(y=f(x)\) may be given as \(m_{\mathrm{sec}}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{(x+h)-x}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} \quad h \neq 0\) (a) Express the slope of the secant line of each function in terms of \(x\) and \(h\). Be sure to simplify your answer. (b) Find \(m_{\text {sec }}\) for \(h=0.5,0.1\), and 0.01 at \(x=1 .\) What value does \(m_{\text {sec }}\) approach as h approaches \(0 ?\) (c) Find an equation for the secant line at \(x=1\) with \(h=0.01\). (d) Use a graphing utility to graph fand the secant line found in part ( \(c\) ) in the same viewing window. Problems \(85-92\) require the following discussion of a secant line. The slope of the secant line containing the two points \((x, f(x))\) and \((x+h, f(x+h))\) on the graph of a function \(y=f(x)\) may be given as \(m_{\mathrm{sec}}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{(x+h)-x}=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h} \quad h \neq 0\) (a) Express the slope of the secant line of each function in terms of \(x\) and \(h\). Be sure to simplify your answer. (b) Find \(m_{\text {sec }}\) for \(h=0.5,0.1\), and 0.01 at \(x=1 .\) What value does \(m_{\text {sec }}\) approach as h approaches \(0 ?\) (c) Find an equation for the secant line at \(x=1\) with \(h=0.01\). (d) Use a graphing utility to graph fand the secant line found in part ( \(c\) ) in the same viewing window. \(f(x)=\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)

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