Question

Which of the following statements describes a result of the increase in globalization over the past half century? (A) Terrorist attacks have begun to decrease as more countries are working in cooperation with one another. (B) Many counties are more dependent on each other for their economic growth. (C) Human rights have declined sharply around the world. (D) The number of refugees around the world has declined.

Short answer

(B) Many countries are more dependent on each other for their economic growth.

Step-by-step solution

Evaluating Statement A

Statement A says that terrorist attacks have begun to decrease as more countries are working in cooperation with one another. While there might be more cooperation among countries, this statement doesn't directly address the impact of globalization. Therefore, this is not the best answer.

Evaluating Statement B

Statement B says that many counties are more dependent on each other for their economic growth. This statement is related to the process of globalization, which involves the increased interconnectedness of national economies and the expansion of international trade and investment. As countries become more integrated economically, they become more reliant on each other for growth. Thus, this statement accurately describes a result of globalization.

Evaluating Statement C

Statement C says that human rights have declined sharply around the world. Although there may be instances where globalization has had negative impacts on human rights, this statement is too general and doesn't necessarily describe a direct result of globalization. Therefore, it is not the best answer.

Evaluating Statement D

Statement D says that the number of refugees around the world has declined. While the reasons behind the movement of refugees are complex and varied, this statement does not sufficiently describe a result of globalization and its impact on a global scale. Thus, it is not the best answer. Based on the analysis above, the correct answer is: (B) Many countries are more dependent on each other for their economic growth.

Key concepts

Economic Interdependence

Economic interdependence is a key feature of globalization. It refers to the way countries take on a mutual reliance for resources, markets, and production processes. Imagine a close-knit web connecting various nations.
As countries trade more and partner on economic policies, they become more interdependent. This means if one country's economy falters, others can feel the impact.
Key characteristics include:

• Import and export relationships
• Shared technology and innovation
• Cross-border investments
• Global supply chains

Economic interdependence encourages cooperation, but also poses risks if financial downturns occur in major economies.

International Trade

International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. This is a driving force behind globalization. It allows nations to specialize in producing what they are good at.
For example, a country with rich mineral resources might focus on mining, trading with other nations for what they lack.
Benefits of international trade include:

• Access to a larger variety of goods and services
• Economic efficiency and growth
• Increased innovation from global competition

Trade agreements and economic partnerships often formalize these exchanges, helping to stabilize and guide them. It fosters economic ties and dependencies between countries.

Economic Growth

Economic growth is an increase in a country's production of goods and services over time. It is often referred to in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Globalization can accelerate economic growth by opening up new markets and opportunities for trade.
Positive impacts of globalization on economic growth include:

• Increased foreign direct investment
• Technological advancements from global exposure
• Access to broader markets for local businesses

However, this growth can be uneven, leading to disparities in wealth distribution both locally and globally. While some benefit greatly, others may not see the same level of improvement.

Human Rights Impact

Globalization has a complex relationship with human rights. On one hand, it can promote better standards by encouraging global norms and watchdog actions.
On the other hand, the race for cheaper labor can lead to exploitative practices.
Some important aspects to consider are:

• International attention to human rights abuses
• Global campaigns improving awareness and action
• Possibilities for policy changes through international forums

However, challenges remain, such as:

• Labor rights violations in countries with weak enforcement
• Negative impacts on local cultures and traditions

The global community has a responsibility to balance economic benefits with the moral imperative of protecting human rights.