Problem 1
What proportion of Earth's atmosphere is made up of carbon dioxide? a) 18 percent c) \(0.55\) percent b) \(7.3\) percent d) \(0.038\) percent
Problem 5
What is the difference between heat and temperature? a) Heat deals with total kinetic energy, temperature with average kinetic energy. b) Heat deals with average kinetic energy, temperature with total kinetic energy. c) There is no difference, since they both deal with kinetic energy.
Problem 8
Soon after Joe Kittinger began his jump, he was traveling at over 982 kilometers per hour (610 miles per hour). What characteristic of the atmosphere caused him to slow down as he descended (before opening his main chute)? Why did he not hear the sound of air whistling by him as he began to fall?
Problem 9
The ozone hole over Antarctica actually represents a thinning of the ozone layer. What are the consequences of the loss of ozone?
Problem 11
Explain if the interaction of EMR with Earth would cause global temperatures to increase or decrease under the following conditions. 1\. The atmosphere is thicker. 2\. The atmosphere contains more carbon dioxide. 3\. The atmosphere contains more aerosols. 4\. The atmosphere contains more black soot. 5\. Tree leaves are white. 6\. There is no ice on Earth.
Problem 12
Construct a concept map to show the connections between solar radiation and the atmosphere, using at least the following terms: incoming radiation, absorption, reflection, scattering, albedo, and the greenhouse effect.
Problem 13
Your body feels cooler when you step out of a warm shower because a) water evaporates on your skin. b) water condenses on your skin. c) water evaporates from the surrounding air. d) water condenses in the surrounding air.
Problem 14
Measurements reveal that 1 cubic meter ( 35 cubic feet) of air at \(12^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\left(54^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\right)\) actually holds 6 grams (0.2 ounce) of water. What happens if the temperature of the air increases? Explain your answer. a) Absolute and relative humidity both increase. b) Absolute humidity increases and relative humidity remains constant. c) Absolute and relative humidity both decrease. d) Absolute humidity remains constant and relative humidity decreases.
Problem 15
Two identical pans sit on a stove. Pan A contains a mixture of water and ice. Pan B contains an equal volume of water that is chilled to the same temperature. How will the temperatures of the contents change as the pans are heated? Each pan contains a thermometer that records the temperature of the water and of the water-ice mixture. The stove is turned to high, and both pans are heated until boiling occurs. Heat continues to be applied for several more minutes. Plot separate curves on the following graph to illustrate how temperature changes with time for both pans throughout the experiment. Label the curves.
Problem 16
1\. Explain why people can see their breath on a cold winter's day in terms of water changing state and latent heat. 2\. Explain why a hair dryer actually dries your hair rather than leaving you with hot, wet hair. Explain the process taking place.
