Question

. _________ means that crops are planted along the natural contours of the land.

Short answer

Contour farming means planting crops along the natural contours of the land.

Step-by-step solution

Identify Key Terms

The key words in the exercise are 'crops planted' and 'natural contours of the land.' These terms will guide us to determine which agricultural practice the exercise refers to.

Recall Relevant Concepts

Think about agricultural practices involving land contours. Practices like 'contour plowing' or 'contour farming' come to mind, as they involve planting crops along the natural curves of the land to prevent soil erosion and retain water.

Apply Knowledge

Based on the definitions and characteristics of contour farming, this practice specifically means planting crops along the natural contours or curves of the land instead of straight rows, helping in conservation efforts.

Final Conclusion

By connecting our understanding from previous steps with the definition, we conclude that the term that means 'crops are planted along the natural contours of the land' is indeed 'contour farming' or 'contour plowing.'

Key concepts

Soil Conservation

Soil conservation is a crucial part of sustainable agriculture, aiming to protect soil from erosion and other forms of degradation. It encompasses a variety of practices designed to maintain healthy soil structure and fertility levels.

• One common method is contour farming, where farmers plant crops parallel to the natural contours of the hillside. This minimizes water runoff and soil erosion since the rows slow down water flow.
• Cover cropping is another tactic, involving planting a secondary crop to cover the soil. It helps prevent erosion, improve soil health, fix nitrogen, and enhance biodiversity.
• Conservation tillage reduces the frequency of tilling operations. This helps keep the organic matter intact and reduces soil compaction, which protects against erosion.

These practices, in combination, help ensure soils retain vital nutrients and structure, sustaining agricultural productivity for future generations.

Erosion Control

Erosion control is essential in maintaining healthy ecosystems and productive farmland. It involves strategic activities aimed at protecting the land from losing topsoil due to wind, water, or other factors.

• Contour farming plays a vital role in erosion control. By following the natural contour lines of the land, this technique reduces the speed of water runoff and increases water infiltration, which decreases erosion.
• Terracing involves creating stepped levels on slopes. This structure helps to slow down water flow, significantly reducing the loss of soil.
• Planting windbreaks, like trees or shrubs, can block and reduce the power of the wind, thus preventing wind erosion.

By implementing these practices, soil losses are minimized, and land remains fertile and productive longer.

Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainable agriculture focuses on meeting society's current food and textile needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It promotes agricultural practices that are environmentally friendly, economically viable, and socially responsible.

• Contour farming, an integral part of sustainable agriculture, mitigates soil erosion and water runoff, conserving resources and enhancing crop yields.
• Crop rotation involves alternating the species of crops grown on particular land to prevent pest build-up and maintain healthy soil nutrient levels.
• Integrated pest management (IPM) encompasses using natural pest predators and healthy farming practices to minimize chemical use.

These techniques are essential for maintaining the balance of natural ecosystems, ensuring food security, and fostering resilient farming communities.