Question

Which type of map is made by projecting points and lines from a globe onto a cone? A. Mercator projection B. conic projection c. Robinson projection D. geologic map

Short answer

B. Conic projection

Step-by-step solution

Understanding the Question

The question is asking about the type of map that is created when points and lines are projected from a globe onto a cone. Recognize the key terms: 'map,' 'projecting,' 'globe,' and 'cone' to identify what type of map projection is being described.

Identifying Map Types

There are different types of map projections, each with distinct methods. - A Mercator projection projects points onto a cylinder. - A Conic projection projects points onto a cone. - A Robinson projection is a compromise projection onto a flat plane. - A Geologic map denotes land and rock formations, not a projection method.

Matching Description to Map Type

The description 'projecting points and lines from a globe onto a cone' directly matches the conic projection method, where the surface of the globe is projected onto a conical surface, creating a conic map.

Key concepts

Conic Projection

Conic projection is a unique method in map-making where the surface of a globe is projected onto a cone. Imagine wrapping a cone around the Earth. When this cone touches the globe at a line or cuts through the globe in a secant cone model, it creates a map where the meridians are straight lines that converge at a point, and parallels appear as arcs. This approach is particularly useful for mapping mid-latitude regions like the United States or Japan because it accurately represents those areas with minimal distortion.
Conic projections can be further divided based on how the cone intersects with the Earth:

• Tangent Cone: The cone touches the globe at a single line of latitude.
• Secant Cone: The cone cuts through the globe along two lines of latitude.

These projections are beneficial for aeronautical charts and regional maps and provide a balance between size and shape accuracy in certain hemispheric areas. Importantly, conic projections don't show the entire globe but rather focus on specific areas, maintaining relatively accurate distance and direction within those zones.

Geographic Map Types

Geographic maps are diverse, with each type tailored for specific purposes and using unique projection methods. Understanding the variations helps in selecting the right map for different tasks:

• Topographic Maps: Show natural and man-made features using contour lines to denote elevation changes.
• Thematic Maps: Focus on specific data like population density or climate zones.
• Political Maps: Highlight country or state boundaries, cities, and important waterways.
• Physical Maps: Illustrate landforms like mountains, rivers, and lakes.
• Road Maps: Detail extensive transportation networks, primarily roads and highways.

Each type utilizes different projection methods to meet its mapping goals, from accurately depicting large, detailed terrains to presenting simplified political boundaries. By using the correct type, one ensures that the map serves its intended function effectively without unnecessary distortions or data loss.

Map-Making Techniques

Map-making, or cartography, encompasses a variety of techniques that have evolved over centuries. Whether you are a seasoned mapmaker or just beginning, understanding these techniques can make cartography both educational and fun. Here are some key techniques:

• Projection Selection: This step involves choosing the right projection to balance distortion of size, shape, distance, and direction appropriate for the map's purpose.
• Data Collection: Gathering accurate geographic data, from both natural observations and technological sources like satellite imagery.
• Scale Determination: Deciding the map’s scale, ensuring that detailed information is conveyed clearly and appropriately sized for users.
• Symbol Usage: Incorporating symbols to represent various features, ensuring they are easily understood and consistent.
• Color Application: Using colors logically to help viewers easily differentiate between different terrains and borders.

These techniques allow mapmakers to create visually appealing and functionally accurate maps, making geographical data accessible and useful for everyone from students to professionals. Despite advancements in digital mapping, these fundamental skills remain critical to producing high-quality maps.