Problem 7
Which is the most abundant element in Earth's crust? A. silicon C. iron B. manganese D. oxygen Use the table below to answer questions 8-10. \begin{tabular}{|l|c|} \hline Mineral & Hardness \\ \hline Talc & 1 \\ \hline Gypsum & 2 \\ \hline Calcite & 3 \\ \hline Fluorite & 4 \\ \hline Apatite & 5 \\ \hline Feldspar & 6 \\ \hline Quartz & 7 \\ \hline Topaz & 8 \\ \hline Corundum & 9 \\ \hline Diamond & 10 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
Problem 8
Explain the difference between the vocabulary words in each of the following sets. $$ \text { mineral-silicate } $$
Problem 9
Explain the difference between the vocabulary words in each of the following sets. $$ \text { gem-crystal } $$
Problem 9
Which mineral will scratch feldspar but not topaz? A. quartz C. apatite B. calcite D. diamond
Problem 11
Which is a characteristic of a mineral? A) It can be a liquid. B) It is organic. C) It has no crystal structure. D) It is inorganic.
Problem 12
What must all silicates contain? A) magnesium B) silicon and oxygen C) silicon and aluminum D) oxygen and carbon
Problem 13
What is the measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched? A) luster B) hardness C) cleavage D) fracture Use the photo below to answer question \(14 .\)
Problem 13
Explain the difference between fracture and cleavage.
Problem 14
Why is mineral color sometimes not helpful for identifying minerals? Use the conversion factor and table below to answer questions 15-17. \(1.0\) carat \(=0.2\) grams \begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|} \hline Diamond & Carats & Grams \\ \hline Uncle Sam: largest diamond found in United States & \(40.4\) & \(?\) \\ \hline Punch Jones: second largest U.S. diamond; named after boy who discovered it & \(?\) & \(6.89\) \\ \hline Theresa: discovered in Wisconsin in 1888 & \(21.5\) & \(4.3\) \\ \hline 2001 diamond production from western Australia & \(21,679,930\) & \(?\) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
Problem 15
Which of the following must crystalline solids have? A) carbonates B) cubic structures C) orderly arrangement of atoms D) cleavage
