Problem 2
Assuming the average speed of sound waves in water is 1,500 meters per second, determine the water depth if a signal sent out by an echo sounder on a research vessel requires 6 seconds to strike bottom and return to the recorder aboard the ship.
Problem 4
Are the continental margins surrounding the Atlantic Ocean primarily active or passive? How about the margins surrounding the Pacific Ocean? Based on your response to the foregoing questions, indicate whether each ocean basin is getting larger, shrinking, or staying the same size. Explain your answer.
Problem 7
Reef-building corals are responsible for creating atolls-ring-shaped structures that extend from the surface of the ocean to depths of thousands of meters. These corals, however, can only live in warm, sunlit water no more than about 45 meters deep. This presents a paradox: How can corals, which require warm, sunlit water, create structures that extend to great depths? Explain the apparent contradiction.
