Problem 1
A large proportion of the open ocean is, in effect, a marine desert. Why?
Problem 2
Describe the general latitudinal trends in net primary productivity. Suggest reasons why such a latitudinal trend does not occur in the oceans.
Problem 4
What evidence suggests that the productivity of many terrestrial and aquatic communities is limited by nutrients?
Problem 5
In both aquatic and terrestrial communities, secondary productivity by herbivores is approximately one-tenth of the primary productivity upon which it is based. This has led some to suggest the operation of a \(10 \%\) law. Do you subscribe to this view?
Problem 7
Outline the role played by bacteria and fungi (decomposers) in the flux of energy and matter through a named ecosystem. Imagine what would happen if bacteria and fungi were magically removed - describe the resulting scenario.
Problem 8
Energy cannot be cycled and reused but matter can. Discuss this assertion and its significance for ecosystem functioning.
Problem 10
The hydrological cycle would proceed whether or not a biota was present. Discuss how the presence of vegetation modifies the flow of water through an ecosystem.
