Question

Explain the pros and cons of using the synthetic organic pesticide DDT against malarial mosquitoes.

Short answer

DDT is a highly effective pesticide against malarial mosquitoes, with long residual life and mosquito deterrent properties. However, its downsides include serious environmental impact due to non-biodegradable nature, potential health risks to humans, and the possibility of mosquitoes developing resistance.

Step-by-step solution

Identify Advantages of Using DDT

DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) has been widely used due to its efficiency in controlling malarial mosquitoes. Following are the benefits: \n\n1.1 Efficacy: DDT is highly effective at killing mosquitoes, which can help in reducing the prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases like malaria. \n\n1.2 Residual Life: DDT possesses a long residual life (can remain effective for 6-12 months after application), meaning less frequent applications are needed, making it cost-effective. \n\n1.3 Deterrence: It not only kills mosquitoes but also acts as a deterrent, discouraging mosquitoes from entering the sprayed homes.

Identify Disadvantages of Using DDT

Despite its effectiveness, the use of DDT is correlated with several downsides:\n\n2.1 Environmental Impact: DDT is non-biodegradable and can accumulate in the environment and the food chain, impacting other wildlife species as well. \n\n2.2 Health Impact: Consequent exposure can cause health issues in humans like cancer, neurological damage, and fertility problems. \n\n2.3 Resistance: Mosquitoes can develop resistance to DDT over long term usage, rendering it ineffective.