Question

Which one of the following is not one of the four pillars of food security? A. Availability B. Access C. Utilization D. Transformation E. Stability

Short answer

D. Transformation

Step-by-step solution

- Identify the four pillars of food security

The four pillars of food security are Availability, Access, Utilization, and Stability. They represent the framework for understanding and assessing food security.

- Compare each option to the pillars of food security

Review each of the given options (A. Availability, B. Access, C. Utilization, D. Transformation, E. Stability) and determine if they fit within the established four pillars of food security.

- Identify the unfamiliar option

Check if any of the options (A, B, C, D, E) do not correspond to the four known pillars of food security. Specifically, verify that Availability, Access, Utilization, and Stability are correct.

- Conclude the answer

Based on the comparison, determine which option does not fit within the established four pillars of food security.

Key concepts

Availability

Availability refers to the physical presence of food in a given area. It is one of the key pillars of food security because if food is not physically accessible, it cannot be consumed.
Several factors affect availability:

• Production levels: High levels of local food production increase availability.
• Imports: A region may rely on imported food, which increases supply.
• Storage: Effective storage solutions prevent food wastage.

Ensuring food availability involves focusing on agriculture, trade policies, and infrastructure improvements.

Access

Access is about having the means to obtain food. It includes the economic and physical ability to acquire adequate food.
Elements that enhance access:

• Affordability: Food must be priced within reach of most people.
• Market dynamics: Well-functioning markets can improve accessibility.
• Social safety nets: Programs like food stamps or subsidies can ensure vulnerable populations have access.

Access to food ensures everyone, regardless of their economic status, can obtain the food they need.

Utilization

Utilization focuses on how well the body can make use of the nutrients in food. It's influenced by:

• Dietary diversity: A varied diet ensures the intake of essential nutrients.
• Food safety: Safe handling and preparation to avoid foodborne illnesses.
• Care practices: Proper infant feeding and maternal nutrition practices.

Proper utilization involves not only the nutritional quality of the food but also knowledge and habits around food preparation and consumption.

Stability

Stability refers to the consistent availability, access, and utilization of food. Food security must be reliable over time.
Factors ensuring stability:

• Economic stability: Stable incomes ensure ongoing access to food.
• Environmental resilience: Systems in place to handle climate change impacts.
• Political stability: Peace and strong governance ensure uninterrupted food supply chains.

Ensuring stability means that disruptions in food security are minimized, providing a continuous supply of and access to necessary food.