Question

A. NO CHANGE B. students, he or she is invited to C. students who D. students they

Short answer

Question: Based on the step-by-step solution provided, select the best option to improve the segment in the following sentence: "Scientists have discovered a bee species that's adapt to urban environments is particularly impressive." Options: A) that is B) whose C) which D) to Answer: B) whose Reasoning: The problematic segment in this sentence is "that's adapt to urban environments", as it does not properly convey the relationship between the bee species and its adaptation. Option B, "whose," is the correct choice, as it demonstrates possession and appropriately links the bee species to its adaptation. The corrected sentence reads, "Scientists have discovered a bee species whose adaptation to urban environments is particularly impressive."

Step-by-step solution

Start by carefully reading the original sentence and paying attention to the given segment. #Step 2: Understand the options#

Analyze each of the options provided (A, B, C, and D) to understand how they change the sentence. #Step 3: Evaluate the options#

For each option, evaluate whether it improves or corrects the problematic segment, and if it makes the sentence accurate, clear, and effective in terms of grammar, syntax, and meaning. #Step 4: Select the best option#

Choose the option that best corrects or improves the sentence as per your analysis. #Step 5: Present the concluded option#

Clearly state which option you believe is correct and provide reasoning why you selected it. #Step 6: Check your answer#

Finally, double-check the sentence with the selected option to ensure that it is, in fact, accurate, clear, and effective.

Key concepts

Grammar and Syntax

Understanding the fundamentals of grammar and syntax is essential for crafting well-structured and clear sentences. In the context of the ACT English preparation, it is important to recognize common grammatical errors such as subject-verb agreement, correct usage of pronouns, and proper punctuation.

For instance, when you encounter a sentence that seems off, like 'students, he or she is invited to,' identifying the error involves a keen sense of grammar and syntax. Here, there is a mismatch in the number between the subject 'students' and the pronouns 'he or she,' which are singular while 'students' is plural. The correct syntax would demand a plural pronoun to match the plural subject.

Key Points to Remember for Grammar and Syntax:

• Ensure subject-verb agreement by matching singular subjects with singular verbs, and plural subjects with plural verbs.
• Use pronouns that agree in number with the nouns they are referring to.
• Be mindful of comma usage to avoid run-on sentences or comma splices.

Effective Writing

Effective writing in the ACT English section is not just about being grammatically correct; it also involves clarity and conciseness. The aim is to convey your message in the simplest manner possible without losing the essence of what is being communicated.

To write effectively, it’s important to choose words that are precise and fitting for the sentence. Sentences should be structured in a way that they are easy to follow, without unnecessary complexity. Transition words should be used judiciously to maintain a smooth flow and coherence throughout the passage.

Tips for Effective Writing:

• Use active voice to make your writing more direct and lively.
• Avoid redundant words or phrases that do not add meaning to the sentence.
• Keep your audience in mind, and use language and tone appropriate to the context.

Sentence Correction Practice

Regular practice with sentence correction can profoundly improve your grammar and writing skills. When doing sentence correction exercises, such as the one with the options 'students, he or she is invited to,' 'students who,' and 'students they,' it’s vital to approach each question methodically.

Start by identifying the error in the original sentence. Then look at the choices available and consider how each one affects the meaning and correctness of the sentence. The process involves elimination—discard options that introduce new errors or retain the original ones. The choice that corrects the grammatical error without altering the intended meaning is generally the correct answer.

Strategies for Sentence Correction:

• Read the sentence aloud to see if any part sounds unnatural.
• Break down complex sentences into simpler parts to better understand the grammatical structure.
• Look out for common traps, such as incorrect idioms or parallelism issues.