Question

IgE is traditionally associated with which of the following immunocytes? A. Neutrophil B. Basophil C. T-lymphocyte D. Mast cells

Short answer

D. Mast cells

Step-by-step solution

Understanding IgE

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody that is involved in allergic reactions and is important in the defense against parasitic infections.

Identifying the Function of IgE

IgE binds to specific receptors found on the surface of certain immune cells, triggering allergic responses and the release of histamines and other chemicals.

Recognizing the Cells Involved

The immune cells that have high-affinity receptors for IgE and respond to its presence are primarily mast cells and basophils.

Matching Answer Choices

Out of the provided options - Neutrophil, Basophil, T-lymphocyte, and Mast cells, both basophils and mast cells fit the criteria.

Determining the Best Answer

Although both basophils and mast cells interact with IgE, mast cells are more prominently involved in allergic reactions.

Key concepts

immunoglobulin E

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a unique type of antibody that plays a crucial role in the body's defense system, particularly against parasites and allergens. Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize harmful agents like bacteria, viruses, and toxins.
While most antibodies help protect against infections, IgE specifically targets allergens. It does this by binding to allergens and signaling immune cells to release chemicals that cause inflammation. This process is essential for fighting off parasites but can also lead to allergic reactions when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen or pet dander.

allergic reactions

Allergic reactions occur when the immune system mistakenly identifies a normally harmless substance as a threat. This false alarm triggers the production of IgE antibodies, which bind to allergens. Once bound, IgE interacts with receptors on certain immune cells, causing them to release histamines and other chemicals.
Histamines play a significant role in causing the symptoms of an allergic reaction, which can include itching, swelling, and hives. In severe cases, allergic reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Understanding the role of IgE can help in managing and treating allergies effectively.

mast cells

Mast cells are a type of immune cell that is found in various tissues throughout the body, particularly in areas like the skin, lungs, and digestive system. They play a key role in the body's defense mechanisms, especially in allergic reactions.
Mast cells have high-affinity receptors for IgE on their surfaces. When IgE bound to an allergen attaches to these receptors, it triggers the mast cells to release histamines and other chemicals. This release causes the symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as redness, itching, and swelling. Mast cells are thus central players in both allergic responses and the protection against parasites.

basophils

Basophils are another type of immune cell that plays a role in allergic reactions and immune responses. They are found in the blood and share many similarities with mast cells, including the ability to bind IgE.
When basophils are activated by IgE bound to an allergen, they release histamines and other chemicals just like mast cells. However, basophils are less numerous and generally considered as backup responders to mast cells. Despite their smaller numbers, basophils still contribute significantly to the symptoms of allergic reactions.

immune response

The immune response is the body's way of identifying and defending itself against pathogens, allergens, and other harmful agents. It involves a complex network of cells and molecules working together to detect and neutralize threats.
IgE plays a specialized role in the immune response, particularly in dealing with allergens and parasites. When an allergen enters the body, IgE antibodies bind to it, signaling immune cells like mast cells and basophils to release chemicals that cause inflammation and other symptoms.
This targeted reaction is essential for the body's defense mechanisms. However, when it goes awry, it can lead to conditions like allergies and asthma. Understanding the immune response and the role of IgE can help in developing treatments and managing allergic reactions effectively.