Question

In each of the following questions, Match column-I and column-II and select the correct match out of the four given choices.(B) Ammeter (Q) Moderate resistance (C) Voltmeter (R) High, Low or moderate resistance (D) Avometer (S) High resistance (a) \(\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{P} ; \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{Q} ; \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{R} ; \mathrm{D} \rightarrow \mathrm{S}\) (b) \(\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{P} ; \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{Q} ; \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{S} ; \mathrm{D} \rightarrow \mathrm{R}\) (c) \(\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{Q} ; \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{P} ; \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{R} ; \mathrm{D} \rightarrow \mathrm{S}\) (d) \(\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{Q} ; \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{P} ; \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{S} ; \mathrm{D} \rightarrow \mathrm{R}\)

Short answer

The short answer is: The correct match is \(A \rightarrow Q; B \rightarrow S; C \rightarrow R\), which corresponds to option (d).

Step-by-step solution

Identify the characteristics of Ammeter

: An ammeter is a device used to measure the electric current in a circuit. It has a moderate resistance to allow the current to flow through it.

Identify the characteristics of Voltmeter

: A voltmeter is a device used to measure the potential difference between two points in a circuit. It has a high resistance to minimize the current flow through it, thus ensuring accurate voltage measurements.

Identify the characteristics of Ammeter, Voltmeter, and Ohmmeter

: An Avometer is a combination of an ammeter, voltmeter, and ohmmeter. It can measure current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. Depending on the application, it may have high, low, or moderate resistance.

Match the instruments with their characteristics

: From our analysis: - A(Ammeter) matches with Q(Moderate resistance) - B(Voltmeter) matches with S(High resistance) - C(Avometer) matches with R(High, Low, or moderate resistance) Therefore, the correct match is \(A \rightarrow Q; B \rightarrow S; C \rightarrow R\), which corresponds to option (d).

Key concepts

Ammeter

An ammeter is a crucial tool used to measure electric current in circuits. It's an essential instrument in both educational environments and professional fields dealing with electronics.
When we use an ammeter, it is important to connect it in series with the circuit. This setup allows the ammeter to measure the total current flowing through the circuit accurately. The device is designed with moderate resistance to ensure it does not significantly affect the circuit's overall current. This moderate resistance is crucial because if the resistance is too high, it could alter the current it is trying to measure.
Ammeter readings are typically displayed in amperes, and its calibration is crucial for accurate measurements. To ensure precision, always double-check the ammeter’s calibration and proper connection.

Voltmeter

A voltmeter, on the other hand, measures the potential difference between two points in a circuit. Unlike the ammeter, this instrument must be connected in parallel with the circuit component whose voltage you want to measure.
This device is characterized by having a very high resistance. The high resistance minimizes the impact on the current flow when measuring voltage, allowing for precise readings. It's important because if a voltmeter had a low resistance, it would attract more current and thus provide inaccurate voltage readings.
Voltmeters are remarkably useful in diagnosing circuit problems, such as determining if there is a drop in voltage across components. The readings usually appear in volts, giving you a direct indication of electrical potential differences. Always remember to handle the voltmeter carefully to avoid altering the specifics of the circuit.

Avometer

An Avometer, also known as a multimeter, is a versatile device that combines three functions: it can measure current, voltage, and resistance. This multi-functional tool is indispensable in troubleshooting circuits and is widely used in various engineering applications.
The Avometer is adaptable, which means it can display different resistances depending on its function. For instance, it can use a high resistance when measuring voltage, moderate resistance for current, and adjust for measuring resistance itself. This variability makes it an invaluable tool for comprehensive electrical measurements.
Using an Avometer allows technicians and engineers to switch between modes, quickly and efficiently. This tool not only saves time but also provides accurate readings which help in diagnosing issues within a circuit. Like with individual devices, ensuring the Avometer’s proper calibration and correct use is critical for obtaining precise data.