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Chapter 19: Problem 31

\(\boldsymbol{P}\) and \(\boldsymbol{Q}\), respectively, are the sodium salts of (A) hypochlorus and chloric acids (B) hypochlorus and chlorus acids (C) chloric and perchloric acids (D) chloric and hypochlorus acids

Short Answer

Expert verified
The sodium salts are of hypochlorus acid (NaClO) and chloric acid (NaClO3), so the correct answer is (A) hypochlorus and chloric acids.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Sodium Salts of Hypochlorus and Chloric Acids

Hypochlorus acid has the chemical formula HClO, and its sodium salt is formed by replacing the hydrogen ion (H+) with a sodium ion (Na+), resulting in the formula NaClO. Chloric acid has the chemical formula HClO3, and its sodium salt is formed by replacing the hydrogen ion with a sodium ion, giving us the formula NaClO3.
02

Match the Sodium Salts to the Answer Choices

Now that we have identified the formulas for the sodium salts of hypochlorus acid (NaClO) and chloric acid (NaClO3), we need to match these formulas with the appropriate answer choices. The answer choice that includes sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and sodium chlorate (NaClO3) as the salts is the correct choice.
03

Select the Correct Answer

Looking at the answer choices given: (A) hypochlorus and chloric acids, (B) hypochlorus and chlorus acids, (C) chloric and perchloric acids, (D) chloric and hypochlorus acids, we find that Choice (A) correctly matches sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) with hypochlorus acid and sodium chlorate (NaClO3) with chloric acid.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Sodium Salts Chemistry
Sodium salts are a broad category of chemical compounds that include sodium ions (Na+) combined with anions. When it comes to sodium salts of oxyacids (acids containing oxygen), the sodium ion replaces the hydrogen ion from the acid to form the salt. In the case of hypochlorus acid, HClO, the hydrogen is replaced by sodium to yield sodium hypochlorite, NaClO. This is a common disinfectant and bleaching agent used in many household and industrial applications.

Similarly, replacing the hydrogen ion in chloric acid, HClO3, with sodium leads to the formation of sodium chlorate, NaClO3. Sodium chlorate is widely used as an herbicide owing to its ability to decompose and release oxygen, which, in turn, helps in the destruction of plant tissue. Both of these sodium salts share similar chemical natures but differ in terms of their oxidizing properties and usage scenarios. Understanding the chemistry of these sodium salts is essential in various fields, including environmental chemistry, industrial processing, and even in daily household products.
Hypochlorous Acid
Hypochlorous acid, with the formula HClO, is a weak acid and is quite significant due to its role in water purification. Its sodium salt, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), is often found in bleaches and disinfectants. Structurally, hypochlorous acid is the simplest oxyacid of chlorine, with one oxygen atom bonded to the chlorine and a hydrogen attached to the oxygen.

What makes hypochlorous acid particularly important in environmental chemistry is its potent oxidizing ability, which enables it to kill bacteria and other pathogens in water. However, it is also unstable and can decompose rapidly, which is why it is usually generated on-site when needed. For JEE Advanced Chemistry students, understanding the properties and reactions of hypochlorous acid is critical, since it relates to concepts of redox reactions and equilibrium.
Chloric Acid
Chloric acid, HClO3, represents a more potent form of the oxyacids of chlorine. Unlike hypochlorous acid, chloric acid is a strong acid and has significant uses, especially in the production of salts like sodium chlorate (NaClO3). These salts have practical applications, most notably in the manufacturing of explosives and as a herbicide, due to their strong oxidizing properties.

Understanding chloric acid requires a grasp of its structure and reactivity, especially in redox reactions where chlorine can undergo changes in its oxidation state. For students tackling this concept, particularly in the context of JEE Advanced Chemistry, it is essential to comprehend how chloric acid and its salts interact in chemical processes and the safety considerations due to their reactive nature.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Using the expression \(2 d \sin \theta=\lambda\), one calculates the values of \(d\) by measuring the corresponding angles \(\theta\) in the range 0 to \(90^{\circ} .\) The wavelength \(\lambda\) is exactly known and the error in \(\theta\) is constant for all values of \(\theta .\) As \(\theta\) increases from \(0^{\circ}\), (A) the absolute error in \(d\) remains constant. (B) the absolute error in \(d\) increases. (C) the fractional error in \(d\) remains constant. (D) the fractional error in \(d\) decreases.

The carbon-based reduction method is NOT used for the extraction of (A) tin from \(\mathrm{Sn} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (B) iron from \(\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (C) alurninium from \(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (D) magnesium from \(\mathrm{MgCO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{CaCO}_{3}\)

In the nuclear transmutation \({ }_{4}^{9} \mathrm{Be}+\mathbf{X} \longrightarrow{ }_{4}^{8} \mathrm{Be}+\mathbf{Y}\) \((\mathbf{X}, \mathbf{Y})\) is \((\) are \()\) (A) \((\gamma, n)\) (B) \((p, D)\) (C) \((n, D)\) (D) \((\gamma, p)\)

Two vehicles, each moving with speed \(u\) on the same horizontal straight road, are approaching each other. Wind blows along the road with velocity \(w\). One of these vehicles blows a whistle of frequency \(f_{1}\). An observer in the other vehicle hears the frequency of the whistle to be \(f_{2}\). The speed of sound in still air is \(V\). The correct statement \((\mathrm{s})\) is (are) (A) If the wind blows from the observer to the source, \(f_{2}>f_{1}\). (B) If the wind blows from the source to the observer, \(f_{2}>f_{1}\). (C) If the wind blows from observer to the source, \(f_{2}

Let \(w=\frac{\sqrt{3}+\mathrm{i}}{2}\) and \(P=\left\\{w^{n}: n=1,2,3, \ldots\right\\} .\) Further \(H_{1}=\left\\{\mathrm{z} \in \mathbb{C}: \operatorname{Re} z>\frac{1}{2}\right\\}\) and \(H_{2}=\left\\{\mathrm{z} \in \mathbb{C}: \operatorname{Re} z<\frac{-1}{2}\right\\}\), where \(C\) is the set of all complex numbers. If \(z_{1} \in P \cap H_{1}\), \(z_{2} \in P \cap H_{2}\) and \(O\) represents the origin, then \(\angle z_{1} O z_{2}=\) (A) \(\frac{\pi}{2}\) (B) \(\frac{\pi}{6}\) (C) \(\frac{2 \pi}{3}\) (D) \(\frac{5 \pi}{6}\)
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