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“Since financial crises can impart severe damage to the economy, a central bank’s primary goal should be to ensure stability in financial markets.” Is this statement true, false, or uncertain? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The given statement is uncertain.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

An economy has significant adjustment pointers like the result, GDP, inflation rate, and work. Periods of the business cycle are significant monetary factors too. Nonetheless, the strength of the financial market might forestall financial crises, whenever managed and controlled at the right time.

02

Explanation

Most business analysts likely wouldn't question that attempting to keep up with security in financial business sectors is critical to the economy. In any case, having a steady and focused on center around financial market solidness to forestall crises by and large is likely superfluous since financial crises are for the most part lovely uncommon. Furthermore, continually zeroing in on keeping up with dependability in financial business sectors could come to the detriment of overlooking more significant elements that can be undeniably more expensive to the economy on an everyday premise, like settling result, unemployment, or other related transient developments in the business cycle.

03

Final answer

So, the statement is Uncertain.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Why might inflation targeting increase support for the independence of the central bank in conducting monetary policy?

Why is a public announcement of numerical inflation rate objectives important to the success of an inflation-targeting central bank?

The Fed’s maximum employment mandate is generally interpreted as an attempt to achieve an unemployment rate that is as close as possible to the natural rate and inflation that is close to its 2%goal for personal consumption expenditure price inflation. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the personal consumption expenditure price index (PCECTPI), the unemployment rate (UNRATE), and a measure of the natural rate of unemployment (NROU). For the price index, adjust the units setting to “Percent Change From Year Ago” to convert the data to the inflation rate; for the unemployment rate, change the frequency setting to “Quarterly.” Download the data into a spreadsheet. Calculate the unemployment gap and inflation gap for each quarter. Then, using the inflation gap, create an average inflation gap measure by taking the average of the current inflation gap and the gaps for the previous three quarters. Now apply the following (admittedly arbitrary and ad hoc) test to the data from 2000:Q1 through the most recent data available: If the unemployment gap is larger than 1.0for two or more consecutive quarters, and/ or the average inflation gap is larger in absolute value than 0.5for two or more consecutive quarters, consider the mandate “violated.”

a. Based on this ad hoc test, in which quarters has the Fed “violated” the price stability portion of its mandate? In which quarters has the Fed “violated” the maximum employment mandate?

b. Is the Fed currently “in violation” of its mandate?

c. Interpret your results. What does your response to part (a) and the data imply about the challenge that monetary policymakers face in achieving the Fed’s mandate perfectly at all times?

. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the personal consumption expenditure price index (PCECTPI), real GDP (GDPC1), an estimate of potential GDP (GDPPOT), and the federal funds rate (DFF). For the price index, adjust the units setting to “Percent Change From Year Ago” to convert the data to the inflation rate; for the federal funds rate, change the frequency setting to “Quarterly.” Download the data into a spreadsheet. Assuming the inflation target is 2% and the equilibrium real fed funds rate is 2%, calculate the inflation gap and the output gap for each quarter, from 2000 until the most recent quarter of data available. Calculate the output gap as the percentage deviation of output from the potential level of output.

a. Use the output and inflation gaps to calculate, for each quarter, the fed funds rate predicted by the Taylor rule. Assume that the weights on inflation stabilization and output stabilization are both ½ (see the formula in the chapter). Compare the current (quarterly average) federal funds rate to the federal funds rate prescribed by the Taylor rule. Does the Taylor rule accurately predict the current rate? Briefly comment.

b. Create a graph that compares the predicted Taylor rule values with the actual quarterly federal funds rate averages. How well, in general, does the Taylor rule prediction fit the average federal funds rate? Briefly explain.

c. Based on the results from the 2008–2009 period, explain the limitations of the Taylor rule as a formal policy tool. How do these limitations help explain the use of nonconventional monetary policy during this period?

d. Suppose Congress changes the Fed’s mandate to a hierarchical one in which inflation stabilization takes priority over output stabilization. In this context, recalculate the predicted Taylor rule value for each quarter since 2000, assuming that the weight on inflation stabilization is ¾ and the weight on output stabilization is ¼. Create a graph showing the Taylor rule prediction calculated in part (a), the prediction using the new “hierarchical” Taylor rule, and the fed funds rate. How, if at all, does changing the mandate change the predicted policy paths? How would the fed funds rate be affected by a hierarchical mandate? Briefly explain.

e. Assume again equal weights of ½ on inflation and output stabilization, and suppose instead that beginning after the end of 2008, the equilibrium real fed funds rate declines by 0.05 each quarter (i.e. 2009:Q1 is 1.95, then 1.90, etc.), and once it reaches zero, it remains at zero thereafter. How does it affect the prescribed fed funds rate? Why might this be important for policymakers to take into consideration?

According to the Greenspan doctrine, under what conditions might a central bank respond to a perceived stock market bubble?

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