Question

Are the following goods non-rival in consumption? a. slice of pizza b. laptop computer c. public radio d. ice cream cone

Short answer

Only public radio is non-rival in consumption, as multiple individuals can consume the service simultaneously without preventing others from doing the same. In contrast, a slice of pizza, laptop computer, and ice cream cone are all rival in consumption, as they can be primarily consumed or used by one individual at a time.

Step-by-step solution

Determining non-rivalry of a slice of pizza

A slice of pizza is a physical item that can only be consumed by one person at a time. Once it is eaten by one person, it is no longer available for consumption by others. Hence, a slice of pizza is rival in consumption.

Determining non-rivalry of a laptop computer

Like a slice of pizza, a laptop computer is a physical item that can be primarily used by a single person at any given time. If one person is using the laptop, it is generally not available for someone else to use simultaneously. Consequently, a laptop computer is also rival in consumption.

Determining non-rivalry of a public radio

Public radio, unlike the previous examples, is a service that can be consumed by multiple individuals simultaneously. When one person listens to a public radio broadcast, it does not prevent others from listening to the same broadcast at the same time. Thus, public radio is non-rival in consumption.

Determining non-rivalry of an ice cream cone

An ice cream cone is another physical item that can be consumed by only one person at a time. Once it is consumed, it is not available for others. Therefore, an ice cream cone is rival in consumption. In conclusion, among the provided goods, only public radio is non-rival in consumption, while a slice of pizza, laptop computer, and ice cream cone are all rival in consumption.