Question

Which of the following goods or services are nonexcludable? a. police protection b. streaming music from satellite transmission programs c. roads d. primary education e. cell phone service

Short answer

The nonexcludable goods or services are: a. police protection, c. roads, and d. primary education.

Step-by-step solution

Analyzing police protection

We need to consider if police protection can be limited only to paying customers or certain individuals. In general, police protection is provided to everyone in a society regardless of whether they pay taxes or not, which makes it nonexcludable.

Analyzing streaming music from satellite transmission programs

In this case, we need to consider if access to streaming music from satellite transmission programs can be limited only to paying customers or certain individuals.Only users who have paid for the subscription can access these services making it excludable.

Analyzing roads

We will now analyze if access to roads can be limited only to paying customers or certain individuals. While some roads, like toll roads, are excludable, most roads are accessible to everyone without any payment or restrictions, making them nonexcludable.

Analyzing primary education

Let's now analyze if access to primary education can be limited only to paying customers or certain individuals. In many countries, primary education is provided for free and compulsory to everyone, making it nonexcludable.

Analyzing cell phone service

Finally, we will analyze if access to cell phone service can be limited only to paying customers or certain individuals. Cell phone service is provided by companies that require customers to pay for the specific plan in order to use their services, making it excludable.

Identifying nonexcludable goods or services

Based on our analysis, the following goods or services are nonexcludable: a. police protection c. roads d. primary education