Chapter 8: Q16 (page 212)
How does a perfectly competitive firm calculate total revenue?
In perfectly competitive firm, Total Revenue = Price x Quantity
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Perfectly competitive firm Doggies Paradise Inc. sells winter coats for dogs. Dog coats sell for \(72 each. The fixed costs of production are \)100. The total variable costs are \(64 for one unit, \)84 for two units, \(114 for three units, \)184 for four units, and $270 for five units. In the form of a table, calculate total revenue, marginal revenue, total cost and marginal cost for each output level (one to five units). On one diagram, sketch the total revenue and total cost curves. On another diagram, sketch the marginal revenue and marginal cost curves. What is the profit-maximizing quantity?
Firms in a perfectly competitive market are said to be “price takers”—that is, once the market determines an equilibrium price for the product, firms must accept this price. If you sell a product in a perfectly competitive market, but you are not happy with its price, would you raise the price, even by a cent?
Look at Table 8.13. What would happen to the firm’s profits if the market price increases to $6 per pack of raspberries?
In the argument for why perfect competition is allocatively efficient, the price that people are willing to pay represents the gains to society and the marginal cost to the firm represents the costs to society. Can you think of some social costs or issues that are not included in the marginal cost to the firm? Or some social gains that are not included in what people pay for a good?
Would independent trucking fit the characteristics of a perfectly competitive industry?
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