Chapter 12: Q.28 (page 297)
What does a point inside the production possibility frontier represent?
Short Answer
Inefficient resource allocation is represented by a point inside the production possibility frontier.
Chapter 12: Q.28 (page 297)
What does a point inside the production possibility frontier represent?
Inefficient resource allocation is represented by a point inside the production possibility frontier.
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Get started for freeThe state of Colorado requires oil and gas companies who use fracking techniques to return the land to its original condition after the oil and gas extractions. Table shows the total cost and total benefits (in dollars) of this policy.
Table
Land Restored (in acres) | Total Cost | Total Benefit |
0 | \(0 | \)0 |
100 | \(20 | \)140 |
200 | \(80 | \)240 |
300 | \(160 | \)320 |
400 | \(280 | \)380 |
(a) Calculate the marginal cost and the marginal benefit at each quantity (acre) of land restored. See Production, Costs and Industry Structure if you need a refresher on how to calculate marginal costs and benefits.
b. If we apply marginal analysis, what is the optimal amount of land to be restored?
In the Land of Purity, there is only one form of pollution, called โgunk.โ Table 12.14 shows possible combinations of economic output and reduction of gunk, depending on what kinds of environmental regulations you choose.
a. Sketch a graph of a production possibility frontier with environmental quality on the horizontal axis, measured by the percentage reduction of gunk, and with the quantity of economic output on the vertical axis.
b. Which choices display productive efficiency? How can you tell?
c. Which choices show allocative efficiency? How can you tell?
d. In the choice between K and L, can you say which one is better and why?
e. In the choice between K and N, can you say which one is better, and why?
f. If you had to guess, which choice would you think is more likely to represent a command-and- control environmental policy and which choice is more likely to represent a market-oriented environmental policy, choice L or M? Why?
An emissions tax on a quantity of emissions from a firm is not a command-and-control approach to reducing pollution. Why?
What arguments do low-income countries make in international discussions of global environmental clean-up
Technological innovations shift the production
possibility curve. Look at graph you sketched for
Exercise 12.13 Which types of technologies should
a country promote? Should โcleanโ technologies be
promoted over other technologies? Why or why not?
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