Warning: foreach() argument must be of type array|object, bool given in /var/www/html/web/app/themes/studypress-core-theme/template-parts/header/mobile-offcanvas.php on line 20

Antonio buys five new college textbooks during his first year at school at a cost of \(80 each. Used books cost only \)50 each. When the bookstore announces that there will be a 10 percent increase in the price of new books and a 5 percent increase in the price of used books, Antonio’s father offers him $40 extra.

a. What happens to Antonio’s budget line? Illustrate the change with new books on the vertical axis.

b. Is Antonio worse or better off after the price change? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified

a. An offer of $40 extra will rotate Antonio’s budget line clockwise. Thus, his budget line changes from L1 to L2.

b. Due to the price change, Antonio will be better off since he moves to a higher indifference curve with a new consumption level.

Step by step solution

01

Determining the relative prices

Due to the change in prices, the relative price of old textbooks to new textbooks decreased from 0.625 to 0.596, as computed below:

Relativepriceatoldprices5080=0.625Relativepriceatnewprices52.588=0.596Since,for10%rise,thepriceofnewtextbookwillbe80+10100×80=$88for5%rise,thepriceofoldtextbookwillbe50+5100×50=$52.5

02

Determining the budget lines

Antonio will react to the relative price decrease in the following two ways.

  1. If new and old texts are not substitutes, Antonio will be just as well off when the price of new texts rises, and his father gives him $40.

U1 is the indifference curve when goods are not substitutes.

L1and L2 are the initial and final price line/budget lines.

Suppose Antonio chooses to buy more old textbooks due to a relative price decrease. His indifference curve shifts upward, showing his increased consumption of old textbooks (if the old textbooks are substitutes for the new ones) when his income increases.

Antonio moves from indifference curve U1 to U2, shown in the figure above.

03

Antonio’s welfare after the price change

If Antonio chooses to buy a greater number of old textbooks in response to the relative price decrease (given the extra $40) and moves to a higher indifference curve.

A shift from a lower indifference curve to a higher indifference curve means that Antonio’s welfare has improved, and he is better off due to the price change.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Connie has a monthly income of \(200 that she allocates between two goods: meat and potatoes.

a. Suppose meat costs \)4 per pound and potatoes \(2 per pound. Draw her budget constraint.

b. Suppose also that her utility function is given by the equation U(M,P) = 2M + P. What combination of meat and potatoes should she buy to maximize her utility? (Hint: Meat and potatoes are perfect substitutes.)

c. Connie's supermarket has a special promotion. If she buys 20 pounds of potatoes (at \)2 per pound), she gets the next 10 pounds for free. This offer applies only to the first 20 pounds she buys. All potatoes in excess of the first 20 pounds (excluding bonus potatoes) are still \(2 per pound. Draw her budget constraint.

d. An outbreak of potato rot raises the price of potatoes to \)4 per pound. The supermarket ends its promotion. What does her budget constraint look like now? What combination of meat and potatoes maximizes her utility?

If Jane is currently willing to trade 4 movie tickets for 1 basketball ticket, then she must like basketball better than movies. True or false? Explain.

The utility that Meredith receives by consuming food F and clothing C is given by U(F,C) = FC. Suppose that Meredith’s income in 1990 is \(1200 and that the prices of food and clothing are \)1 per unit for each. By 2000, however, the price of food has increased to \(2 and the price of clothing to \)3. Let 100 represent the cost of living index for 1990. Calculate the ideal and the Laspeyres cost-of-living index for Meredith for 2000. (Hint: Meredith will spend equal amounts on food and clothing with these preferences.)

Brenda wants to buy a new car and has a budget of \(25,000. She has just found a magazine that assigns each car an index for styling and an index for gas mileage. Each index runs from 1 to 10, with 10 representing either the most styling or the best gas mileage. While looking at the list of cars, Brenda observes that on average, as the style index increases by one unit, the price of the car increases by \)5000. She also observes that as the gas-mileage index rises by one unit, the price of the car increases by \(2500.

a. Illustrate the various combinations of style (S) and gas mileage (G) that Brenda could select with her \)25,000 budget. Place gas mileage on the horizontal axis.

b. Suppose Brenda’s preferences are such that she always receives three times as much satisfaction from an extra unit of styling as she does from gas mileage. What type of car will Brenda choose?

c. Suppose that Brenda’s marginal rate of substitution (of the gas mileage for styling) is equal to S/(4G). What value of each index would she like to have in her car?

d. Suppose that Brenda’s marginal rate of substitution (of the gas mileage for styling) is equal to (3S)/G. What value of each index would she like to have in her car?

Anne has a job that requires her to travel three out of every four weeks. She has an annual travel budget and can travel either by train or by plane. The airline on which she typically flies has a frequent-traveler program that reduces the cost of her tickets according to the number of miles she has flown in a given year. When she reaches 25,000 miles, the airline will reduce the price of her tickets by 25 percent for the remainder of the year. When she reaches 50,000 miles, the airline will reduce the price by 50 percent for the remainder of the year. Graph Anne’s budget line, with train miles on the vertical axis and plane miles on the horizontal axis.

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Economics Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free