Chapter 5: Q5.3 - Learning Objectives (page 100)
Describe political functions of government that entail its involvement in economy.
Political functions of government that entailing economic involvement : Provision and regulation of government sponsored, inhibited goods; and income redistribution.
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Why do representatives of taxpayers who fund the NSLP program experience more difficulties in designing effective incentive structures for officials who manage that program than does a company's shareholders who seek to change the incentives confronting firms' managers?
Consider panel (b) of Figure. Assume that a careful study of the likely transmission of influenza in light of a changed population distribution has revealed that the external benefits from inoculations are greater than currently displayed in the graph. In light of this information, is the under allocation of resources to the provision of flu-vaccine inoculations larger or smaller than indicated in panel (b)?
After a government implements a voucher program, granting funds that families can spend at schools of their choice, numerous students in public schools switch to private schools. Parents’ and students’ valuations of the services provided at both private and public schools adjust to equality with
the true market price of educational services. Is anyone likely to lose out nonetheless? If so, who?
Suppose that, as part of an expansion of its State Care health system, a state government decides to offer a \(50 subsidy to all people who, according to their physicians, should have their own blood pressure monitoring devices. Prior to this governmental decision, the market-clearing price of blood pressure monitors in this state was \)50, and the equilibrium quantity purchased was 20,000 per year.
(a) After the government expands its State Care plan, people in this state desire to purchase 40,000 devices each year. Manufacturers of blood pressure monitors are willing to provide 40,000 devices at a price of $60 per device. What out-of-pocket price does each consumer pay for a blood pressure monitor?
(b) What is the dollar amount of the increase in total expenditures on blood pressure monitors in this state following the expansion of the State Care program?
(c) Following the expansion of the State Care program, what percentage of total expenditures on blood pressure monitors are paid by the government? What percentage of total expenditures is paid by consumers of these devices?
Many people who do not smoke cigars are bothered by the odor of cigar smoke. If private contracting is impossible and in the absence of any government involvement in the market for cigars, will too many or too few cigars be produced and consumed? From society’s point of view, will the market price of cigars be too high or too low?
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