Chapter 5: Q. 5.4 (page 100)
Analyze how public spending programs such as Medicare and spending on public education affect consumption incentives.
They improve consumption incentives.
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Consider the market for a health care service displayed in Figure, in which the government currently pays a per-unit subsidy M.If the government raises the value of M to a larger dollar amount per unit of service, what will happen to the out-of-pocket price paid by consumers, the price required to induce suppliers to provide services, and the number of services provided? Will the government's total expense for this health care service rise or fall?
An online video game has the technical capability for a large number of players to participate, as long as the game administrator works to ensure the constant functionality of the game. Adding more players deprives no other participants of the entertainment services provided by the online game. It has been easy, however, to set up a system for excluding participation by anyone who fails to contribute $5 per month to a fund that ensures covering extra expenses generated by that player's participation. Is this game a public good?
A government offers to let a number of students at a public school transfer to a private school under two conditions: It will transmit to the private school the same per-pupil subsidy it provides the public school, and the private school will be required to admit the students at a below-market net tuition rate. Will the economic outcome be the same as the one that would have arisen if the government instead simply provided students with grants to cover the current market tuition rate at the private school? (Hint: Does it matter if schools receive payments directly from the government or from consumers?)
Explain how market failures such as externalities might justify economic functions of the government.
Given that even the tiniest bit of fast-traveling space junk, such as a fleck of paint, can damage a satellite or pierce the thin covering of a spaceship why might the IADC Committee experience problems determining the "appropriate level of orbital pollution?
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