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Why do economists seeking to study industry entry and exit measure the number of firms instead of the number of establishments? (Hint: At which level are fundamentally independent economic decisions made by a business; the firm as a whole or an individual sales outlet of the firm?)

Short Answer

Expert verified

To research the forces which have created a state of economic dependence for many developing countries;

Step by step solution

01

Introduction

There are few objectives considered more compelling by developing countries thanthe necessity to realize their economic freedom. Throughout theThird World, from Bolivia and Botswana to Burma, few themes arouse such mass enthusiasmbecause the clarion call to economic independence.

02

Given Information

Despite its potency in shaping many national goals and policies,little or no intellectual effort has been expended in analyzing the concept and exploring its ramificationswithin the realms of politics, economics, or sociology.

03

Explanation

The purpose of this text is to clarify the meaning of economic independence, and to figure out the most consequences and determinants of the choice strategies currently being employed by the African states. I propose first to think about the assorted concepts of economic freedom, as they need evolved historically; and eventually to debate the most characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses ofthe varied strategies for attaining economic independence in Africa.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider Figure 23-5, and suppose that the price per unit corresponding to the position of d1 is at $4.50 per unit and that the quantity at point E1 is exactly 7 units per hour. Calculate total revenues, total costs, and economic profits at point E1 and explain why it is called the short-run break-even point.

In several markets for digital devices that can be viewed as perfectly competitive, steady increases in demand for the required minerals ultimately have generated long-run reductions in the market prices of these devices. Describe in words the types of adjustments that must have occurred in these markets to have brought about this outcome, and evaluate whether such digital-device industries are increasing, constant, or decreasing-cost industries.

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Explain why each of the following examples is not a perfectly competitive industry.

a. One firm produces a large portion of the industry's total output, but there are many firms in the industry, and their products are indistinguishable. Firms can easily exit and enter the industry.

b. There are many buyers and sellers in the industry. Consumers have equal information about the prices of firms' products, which differ moderately in quality from firm to firm.

c. Many taxicabs compete in a city. The city's government requires all taxicabs to provide identical services. Taxicabs are nearly identical, and all drivers must wear a designated uniform. The government also enforces a binding limit on the number of taxicab companies that can operate within the city's boundaries.

The table nearby represents the hourly output and cost structure for a local pizza shop. The market is perfectly competitive, and the market price of a pizza in the area is $10. Total costs include all opportunity costs. Fixed costs equal zero.

a. Calculate the total revenue and total economic profit for this pizza shop at each rate of output.

b. Assuming that the pizza shop always produces and sells at least one pizza per hour, does this appear to be a situation of short-run or long-run equilibrium?

c. Calculate the pizza shop's marginal cost and marginal revenue at each rate of output. Based on marginal analysis, what is the profit maximizing rate of output for the pizza shop?

d. Draw a diagram depicting the short-run marginal revenue and marginal cost curves for this pizza shop, and illustrate the determination of its profit-maximizing output rate.

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