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Chapter 26: Q. 26.4 - Learning Objectives (page 578)

Identify features of an industry that help or hinder efforts to form a cartel that seeks to restrain output and earn economic profits

Short Answer

Expert verified
  • Economic profit is calculated by deducting opportunity cost from accounting profit.
  • The opportunity cost is the investment that the company will have to forego in order to invest in the current opportunity.
  • When we talk about profit in a business, we usually mean accounting profit.

Step by step solution

01

Introduction of industry

  • A set of firms that produce/manufacture or handle the same sort of goods or service is referred to as an industry.
  • As a result, the term "industry" is applied to a group of smartphone makers. Industries are classified as secondary activity.
  • Manufacturing operations, for example, turn basic resources into more useful goods for consumers.
02

Step 2:Characteristics of the Industry 

  • Characteristics of the Industry To get a complete picture of an industry, it will be necessary to review reports from multiple sources..
  • The geographic scope of the industry, the boundaries of the industry, and the dominant economic characteristics of the industry are all key characteristics of the industry.
03

Economic profit 

  • Economic profit is calculated by deducting opportunity cost from accounting profit.
  • The opportunity cost is the investment that the company will have to forego in order to invest in the current opportunity.
  • When we talk about profit in a business, we usually mean accounting profit.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Suppose that a firm located in Cleveland, Ohio, has entered the same industry as the Dallas company discussed in Problem 26-14. The new firm captures a 5 percent market share, and the market share of one of the smallest three original incumbents declines to 5 percent as well. After the Cleveland firm's entry into the industry, what are the values of the four-firm concentration ratio and of the Herfindahl-Hirschman index?

Consider Figure 26-3, and suppose that this typical firm has agreed to participate in the proposed cartel. What is the total dollar amount of the firm's economic incentive to cheat on the cartel agreement, assuming that all other firms continue to abide by the agreement? Explain your reasoning.

Last weekend, Bob attended the university football game. At the opening kickoff, the crowd stood up. Bob therefore realized that he would have to stand up as well to see the game. For the crowd (not the football team), explain the outcomes of a cooperative game and a non-cooperative game. Explain what Bobs "tit-for-tat strategic behavior" would be if he wished to see the game.

Take a look back at the data regarding the inkjet printer industry in Problem 26-2, and answer the following questions.

a. Suppose that consumer demands for inkjet printers, the prices of which are readily observable in office supply outlets and at Internet sites, are growing at a stable pace. Discuss whether circumstances are favorable to an effort by firms in this industry to form a cartel.

b. If the firms successfully establish a cartel, why will there naturally be pressures for the cartel to break down, either from within or from outside?

Consider two strategically dependent firms in an oligopolistic industry, Firm A and Firm B. Firm A knows that if it offers extended warranties on its products but Firm B does not, it will earn \(6 million in profits, and Firm B will earn \)2 million. Likewise, Firm B knows that if it offers extended warranties but Firm A does not, it will earn \(6 million in profits, and Firm A will earn\)2 million. The two firms know that if they both offer extended warranties on their products, each will earn \(3 million in profits. Finally, the two firms know that if neither offers extended warranties, each will earn \)5million in profits.

a. Set up a payoff matrix that fits the situation faced by these two firms.

b. What is the dominant strategy for each firm in this situation? Explain.

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