Question

In pseudocode, what does the following statement do? Set \(x=\) random (1,100)

Short answer

Answer: The given pseudocode statement assigns a random integer value to the variable x in the range of 1 to 100 (inclusive). The statement can be translated to different programming languages, such as Python, Java, or JavaScript. Examples of translations are: - Python: ``` import random x = random.randint(1, 100) ``` - Java: ``` import java.util.Random; Random rand = new Random(); int x = rand.nextInt(100) + 1; ``` - JavaScript: ``` let x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; ```

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Pseudocode Statement

The given pseudocode statement "Set \(x = \) random (1,100)" means that we are assigning a random integer value to the variable \(x\) in the range of 1 to 100 (inclusive).

Describe the Pseudocode Statement in Words

In words, the pseudocode statement can be described as "Assign a random integer value from 1 to 100 (inclusive) to the variable \(x\)."

Translate the Pseudocode to Real Code

Depending on the programming language, the pseudocode statement can be translated to real code. Here are examples for a few programming languages: - Python: ``` import random x = random.randint(1, 100) ``` - Java: ``` import java.util.Random; Random rand = new Random(); int x = rand.nextInt(100) + 1; ``` - JavaScript: ``` let x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1; ``` In each of these examples, the random integer value from 1 to 100 is assigned to the variable \(x\).

Key concepts

Random Number Generation

Random number generation is a vital concept in programming. It allows computers to produce numbers that appear to be chosen at random, though they are generated through a deterministic process. This method is used extensively in simulations, games, cryptography, and statistical sampling.

In most programming languages, generating a random number involves invoking a built-in library or function. For example:

• In Python, you can use `random.randint(start, end)` to generate a random integer within a specified range.
• Java uses `Random.nextInt(maximum) + minimum` to achieve the same outcome.
• JavaScript relies on `Math.random()` combined with arithmetic to determine numbers within a desired range.

All of these methods rely on algorithms that mimic randomness, thus the term 'pseudo-random numbers.' These algorithms start with an initial value called a seed, which can affect the sequence of numbers generated.

Programming Languages

Programming languages provide the syntax and tools that computer programmers use to instruct a machine to perform specific tasks. Different languages are suited to different tasks and have varying levels of complexity. Some languages, like Python, are known for simplicity and readability, making them excellent choices for beginners.

Each language has its unique way of expressing similar operations. For instance, our pseudocode example that creates a random number can be represented in multiple programming languages:

• In Python: `x = random.randint(1, 100)`
• In Java: `int x = rand.nextInt(100) + 1`
• In JavaScript: `let x = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1`

By learning multiple programming languages, you gain a broader understanding of different approaches to problem-solving, which can be invaluable when tackling complex projects.

Variable Assignment

Variable assignment is the way we store data in a program. It involves designating a place in memory under a variable name to hold the data value. When we assign a value to a variable, we can reuse this stored data in different parts of our program.

For instance, in the pseudocode "Set \( x = \) random (1, 100)", the variable `x` is being assigned a random integer value between 1 and 100. This means that:

• The program designates a memory space for `x`.
• A random number is generated between 1 and 100.
• This number is stored in the memory space assigned to `x`.

Variable assignment is fundamental in programming since it enables data manipulation, storage, and retrieval, empowering programmers to develop complex functionalities seamlessly. It’s crucial to understand how different languages handle variables, as this can influence how you design and troubleshoot your programs.