Question

What do you call a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program?

Short answer

Answer: The term used for such a program is a Compiler.

Step-by-step solution

Definition and Name of the Program

The program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program is called a Compiler. A compiler reads the entire high-level language code, performs various optimizations, and then generates the equivalent machine language or low-level code that can be executed by a computer's hardware.