Question

T F The getline member function can be used to read text that contains whitespaces.

Short answer

(T/F) Answer: T

Step-by-step solution

Understanding getline function

The getline function is a member of the input/output (I/O) stream library, specifically designed to read text from an input stream. It can read a complete line of text, including the whitespaces, up to a specified delimiter (usually, the newline character '\n'). The syntax for the getline function is either getline(cin, variable) or getline(input_stream, variable), where the input_stream is an instance of istream, and the variable is a string that stores the characters read.

Example of getline function

Here is an example to illustrate how getline function reads text containing whitespaces: ```cpp #include #include int main() { std::string input_text; std::cout << "Please, enter a text with whitespaces: "; getline(std::cin, input_text); // reads the entire line, including the whitespaces std::cout << "You entered: " << input_text << std::endl; return 0; } ``` If the user inputs "Hello World! This is a test.", the getline function will store the entire line, including the whitespaces, in the input_text variable.

Conclusion

Based on the understanding of the getline function and the example provided, it is clear that the statement "The getline member function can be used to read text that contains whitespaces" is True (T).

Key concepts

C++ input/output

In C++, input and output operations are a fundamental part of interacting with the user. They allow programs to communicate and exchange data with the external environment. The most common streams used are `cin` for input and `cout` for output.
These operations are key in any program that requires user interaction, data retrieval from files, or output generation. The `` header is where these functionalities are defined, enabling developers to use different stream objects for efficient data handling.
C++ I/O provides buffering that optimizes the reading and writing speed, making operations smooth and time-efficient. Understanding how data flows between user/program and program/file is crucial for both beginners and advanced programmers.

handling whitespaces

Handling whitespaces in input data can often be tricky. For many programs, ignoring whitespaces can lead to losing essential information.
The standard C++ input handling with `cin` only reads input until it encounters a whitespace. This can be limiting when trying to capture complete sentences or lines of data.
To address this challenge, the `getline` function is used. It allows the full line of input to be read, capturing all characters including spaces, until a newline character is detected. This functionality makes `getline` an invaluable tool when dealing with inputs that contain whitespaces.

• Captures entire line of text
• Includes spaces and tabs
• Stops at newline character

istream library

The `istream` is an essential part of the C++ Input/Output library, providing the functionality needed to perform input operations. As a base class, `istream` represents input character streams and forms the core for more specific types of inputs like file streams or standard input (`cin`).
The `istream` class includes several member functions, such as `getline`, to facilitate reading data in various formats and conditions. It supports functions that allow for:

• Reading single characters
• Ignoring characters
• Checking stream state (like EOF)

Its extensive use in data handling and manipulation makes `istream` a versatile component of C++ programming, helping bridge the gap between data sources and the application logic.

string manipulation

String manipulation in C++ includes a set of operations that can be performed on strings to alter or retrieve their content. The `string` class in C++ provides a range of useful functions, such as concatenation, finding substrings, or changing case.
When using the `getline` function for string input, these operations often follow. This is because after capturing a line of text, developers might need to further modify or analyze the string content. Basic operations include:

• Calculating string length with `length()` or `size()`
• Accessing individual characters using the `[]` or `at()` method
• Appending and concatenating strings using the `+` or `+=` operators

Mastering these operations can lead to more dynamic and responsive C++ applications, where text data is pivotal to the program's workflow.