Question

include using namespace std; #define WHO "Columbus" #define DID "sailed" #define WHAT "the ocean blue." int main() { const int WHEN = 1492; cout << "In " <… # #include using namespace std; #define WHO "Columbus" #define DID "sailed" #define WHAT "the ocean blue." int main() { const int WHEN = 1492; cout << "In " << WHEN << " " << WHO << " " << DID << " " << WHAT << endl; return 0; }

Short answer

The preprocessor directives used in this program are #define statements, which define the string literals for the who, did, and what portions of the sentence. These define WHO as "Columbus", DID as "sailed", and WHAT as "the ocean blue." 3. What is the purpose of the main function in the program? The main function serves as the entry point for the program's execution. It initializes a constant integer variable named WHEN to store the year 1492. 4. Describe how the output statement works in this program. The output statement in this program uses the "cout" object to display the string "In " followed by the value of WHEN. The sentence's different components are concatenated using the '<<' operator. Finally, the endl manipulator inserts a newline character at the end of the output. 5. What does the return statement indicate in the program? The return 0 statement in the program indicates that it has executed successfully and terminates the main function.

Step-by-step solution

Understand the Program's Purpose

The C++ program prints the following sentence to the console: "In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue."

Analyze Preprocessor Directives

At the top of the program, there are three preprocessor directives (#define statements) that define string literals for the who, did, and what parts of the sentence. These define WHO as "Columbus", DID as "sailed", and WHAT as "the ocean blue."

Analyze the Main Function

The main function is the entry point of the program. It initializes a constant integer variable WHEN to store the year 1492.

Analyze the Output Statement

The output statement uses the "cout" object to display the string "In " followed by the value of WHEN, and then concatenates the various components of the sentence using the "<<" operator. The endl manipulator inserts a newline character at the end of the output.

Analyze the Return Statement

The return 0 statement indicates that the program has executed successfully and exits the main function. By breaking down each part of the exercise, the student should now have a better understanding of how the C++ program works and how to use preprocessor directives, constant variables, and output statements in their own C++ programs.