Question

Assume \(x=4, y=7,\) and \(z=2 .\) What value will be stored in integer variable result by cach of the following statements? A) result \(=x+y\) B) result \(=y \cdot 2:\) C) result \(=y / z:\)

Short answer

Answer: The values of the integer variable "result" for each statement are: A) result = 11 B) result = 14 C) result = 3

Step-by-step solution

Statement A: result = x + y

In this statement, we have to find the sum of x and y. We are given the values for x and y which are x = 4 and y = 7. We will add these values and find the value for the variable "result". result = 4 + 7 result = 11

Statement B: result = y * 2

In this statement, we have to multiply y by 2. We are given the value for y which is y = 7. We will multiply this value by 2 and find the value for the variable "result". result = 7 * 2 result = 14

Statement C: result = y / z

In this statement, we have to divide y by z. We are given the values for y and z which are y = 7 and z = 2. Since the result variable is an integer, the division will be a floor division (ignoring the digits after the decimal point). We will divide these values and find the value for the variable "result". result = 7 // 2 result = 3 The values for the integer variable result for each statement are: A) result = 11 B) result = 14 C) result = 3

Key concepts

Addition Operation

The addition operation in C++ is one of the most basic arithmetic operations, using the plus symbol "+". It involves calculating the sum of two or more numbers. In programming, specifically with integers, this operation is straightforward.
When you have integer variables like in this exercise, such as \( x = 4 \) and \( y = 7 \), you can add these values together using the addition operator. The syntax is simple:

• result = x + y;

This command tells the compiler to add \( x \) and \( y \) together, storing the result in the variable named "result". In our example, this adds 4 and 7, resulting in a value of 11 stored in result.
This operation is fundamental in programming and is used extensively in loops, conditionals, and data manipulations.

Multiplication Operation

Multiplication in C++, denoted by the asterisk "*", involves calculating the product of two or more numbers. It’s a key arithmetic operation used in a variety of programming scenarios.
For integers, such as when you have a variable \( y = 7 \), and you need to multiply it by 2, you use:

• result = y * 2;

This means multiply the value of \( y \) by 2 and store the result back in the variable "result". So, the computation 7 times 2 results in 14. This operation is efficient and handles large numbers quickly. In computing terms, this is very useful for scaling, graphics rendering, and even in physics simulations where repeated multiplication is common.

Integer Division

Integer division is a distinctive operation in many programming languages, C++ included. Unlike regular division, which can result in decimal values, integer division gives you only the quotient, discarding any remainder.
For example, when you divide \( y = 7 \) by \( z = 2 \), using:

• result = y / z;

This performs the division but only keeps the integer part of the quotient, because result is an integer. So, \( 7 \div 2 \) equals 3 with a remainder of 1, but the result stored will be 3.
Handling division correctly is crucial in programming as it influences loops, algorithms, and any computation where the absence of fractions is needed for performance or data integrity.