Question

The __ member function reports when the end of the file has been encountered.

Short answer

Answer: The `eof()` member function is used to report when the end of a file has been encountered. It is typically associated with file streams like `ifstream` for input files or `fstream` for both input and output files. The `eof()` function returns true when the end of the file is reached and false otherwise. It is commonly used in loops to read or write to a file, like processing lines or characters until the end of the file is reached. For example, in a C++ program that reads lines from a text file, you can use `while (!inputFile.eof())` to continue reading and processing lines until the end of the file is detected.

Step-by-step solution

Introduce the `eof` member function

The member function that reports when the end of the file has been encountered is `eof()` (end of file). This function is typically associated with file streams like `ifstream` for input files or `fstream` for both input and output files. #TAG_TITLE#Step 2: Understand when to use `eof` #TAG_CONTENT# You can use the `eof()` function when reading or writing to a file, primarily in a loop, such as when processing lines or characters in the file. The `eof()` function returns true when the end of the file is reached and false otherwise. #TAG_TITLE#Step 3: Example of using 'eof' function #TAG_CONTENT# Now, let's take a glance at the `eof()` function in action. Consider the following C++ example that reads lines from a text file named "data.txt": ```cpp #include #include #include using namespace std; int main() { ifstream inputFile("data.txt"); // Open the file if (inputFile.is_open()) { string line; // Read and print lines from the file until the end of the file is reached while (!inputFile.eof()) { getline(inputFile, line); // Read a line from the file cout << line << endl; // Print the line } inputFile.close(); // Close the file } else { cout << "Unable to open file"; } return 0; } ``` This simple example uses the `eof()` function to detect the end of the file while reading and printing each line of the provided text file.