Question

Consider the following code (and assume it is embedded in a complete and correct program and then run): char my_string[80]; cout << "Enter a line of input:\n"; cin.getline(my_string, 6); cout << my_string << "

Short answer

Answer: The given code reads a line of input from the user, limiting the input to 5 characters (excluding the null character '\0'). It achieves this by declaring a character array, prompting the user for input, using the getline function to read the input line, and finally displaying the content of the character array followed by "<END OF OUTPUT".

Step-by-step solution

1. Declare a character array

First, a character array named `my_string` with a size of 80 is declared in the code. This array will be used to store the input line from the user. ```cpp char my_string[80]; ```

2. Prompt the user for input

A message is displayed to the user to prompt them to enter a line of input. This message will be displayed on the console. ```cpp cout << "Enter a line of input:\n"; ```

3. Read the input line

Now, the getline function is used to read the input line from the user. It reads a maximum of 5 characters (excluding the null character '\0') and stores it in the `my_string` array. The number of characters specified to read in the code is 6 (including the null character '\0'). The null character will be automatically added at the end of the string. ```cpp cin.getline(my_string, 6); ```

4. Display the content of the character array

Finally, the content of the `my_string` array is displayed on the console, followed by the text "<END OF OUTPUT". This will show the input line read from the user and the termination of the program's output. ```cpp cout << my_string << "<END OF OUTPUT"; ``` In conclusion, the program reads a line of input from the user, limiting the input to 6 characters, including the null character '\0'. This means it actually reads only 5 characters from the user. Then, it displays the stored string in the `my_string` array and terminates the output with the text "<END OF OUTPUT".