Question

Write Java statements to accomplish each of the following tasks: a) Display the value of element 6 of array \(f\) b) Initialize each of the five elements of one-dimensional integer array \(g\) to 8 c) Total the 100 elements of floating-point array \(c\). d) Copy 11 -element array a into the first portion of array \(b\), which contains 34 elements. e) Determine and display the smallest and largest values contained in 99 -element floatingpoint array w.

Short answer

Use loops and array indexing to accomplish the tasks with Java statements.

Step-by-step solution

Access an Array Element

To display the value of element 6 in array \( f \), use the following Java statement: ```javaSystem.out.println(f[6]);```Arrays in Java are zero-indexed, so `f[6]` accesses the seventh element.

Initialize Array Elements

To initialize each element of a one-dimensional integer array \( g \) with 5 elements to 8, use a loop to iterate through each element: ```javafor (int i = 0; i < g.length; i++) { g[i] = 8;}```This loop sets each of the five elements to the value 8.

Total Array Elements

To total the elements of a floating-point array \( c \) with 100 elements, use the following loop:```javadouble total = 0;for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) { total += c[i];}```This loop calculates the sum of all elements in the array \( c \).

Copy Array Elements

To copy elements from an 11-element array \( a \) into the first portion of a 34-element array \( b \), use:```javafor (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) { b[i] = a[i];}```This loop copies each element from \( a \) to the corresponding index in \( b \).

Find Minimum and Maximum Values

To determine and display the smallest and largest values in a 99-element floating-point array \( w \), first initialize variables for min and max:```javadouble min = w[0];double max = w[0];```Then iterate through the array to update these values:```javafor (int i = 1; i < w.length; i++) { if (w[i] < min) { min = w[i]; } if (w[i] > max) { max = w[i]; }}System.out.println("Smallest: " + min);System.out.println("Largest: " + max);```This loop finds and prints the smallest and largest values.

Key concepts

Java programming

Java is a versatile and widely-used programming language that powers many applications across different platforms. Its popularity stems from its robustness, ease of use, and the ability to run on virtually any type of hardware. Java utilizes an object-oriented programming approach, which can make complex problems more manageable by organizing them into distinct objects. Each object can contain both data and methods, allowing information to be encapsulated within workable units. This structure is highly beneficial for creating scalable and maintainable code.

Array initialization

Arrays in Java are fundamental data structures that allow you to store multiple items of the same data type. Initializing an array means assigning it a memory space to hold values. You can define an array with a specific data type, such as integer or floating-point, to ensure consistency in the values stored.
For instance, to initialize an integer array in Java, you'd declare the array along with its size, like so: ```java int[] numbers = new int[5]; ``` This snippet initializes an array called `numbers` with space for five integers. You can then assign values to each element in the array. Alternatively, you can initialize the array with values right away: ```java int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; ``` This creates an array filled with the numbers 1 through 5.

Floating-point arrays

Floating-point arrays store decimal values, allowing for more precision when working with numbers that are not whole. In Java, floating-point numbers are typically defined with the `float` or `double` data type. While `float` provides single precision, `double` offers double precision and is more commonly used for its higher accuracy.
To create a floating-point array in Java, you specify the data type and number of elements: ```java double[] decimals = new double[100]; ``` This line initializes an array named `decimals` that can hold 100 double values. To work with the array, you can access or modify each element using loop constructs, or sum all of the elements in the array to find the total.

Java loops

Loops are essential constructs in Java programming used to automate repetitive tasks. There are several types of loops, but the most common ones are `for`, `while`, and `do-while`. Loops can effectively traverse arrays, initialize values, or execute a set of instructions multiple times.
A `for` loop typically consists of three parts: initialization, condition, and iteration. It iterates over a block of code a set number of times: ```java for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) { // execute code } ``` Here, `i` is initialized to 0, the loop runs while `i` is less than the array's length, and after each iteration, `i` is incremented by 1. This structure makes it perfect for stepping through arrays to access or modify elements.

Finding min and max in arrays

To find the minimum and maximum values in a Java array, you need to traverse the array and compare each element. Start by assuming the first element is both the smallest and largest, then iterate through the remaining elements to update these values as necessary.
Here's a simple way to find the min and max in an array: ```java double min = array[0]; double max = array[0]; for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) { if (array[i] < min) { min = array[i]; } if (array[i] > max) { max = array[i]; } } ``` This code initializes `min` and `max` to the first element's value and then updates them if a smaller or larger element is found during the iteration. After the loop completes, `min` holds the smallest value, and `max` holds the largest.