Question

Write an application that reads a line of text, tokenizes it using space characters as delimiters and outputs only those words ending with the letters "ED".

Short answer

Tokenize input text into words and filter by suffix 'ED'.

Step-by-step solution

Read the Input Text

Prompt the user to enter a line of text. Store this input for further processing. For example, you can use a variable named 'inputText' to hold the inputted string.

Split the Text into Tokens

Use a method to split the input text into a list of words, using space characters as delimiters. In many programming languages, this can be done using the 'split' function or method. For example: ```python words = inputText.split() ``` Here, 'words' will be a list of all the words in 'inputText', separated by spaces.

Filter Words Ending with 'ED'

Iterate over the list of words and check each word to see if it ends with 'ED'. You can use string functionalities that check the suffix of a word, such as 'endswith'. Add the words that satisfy this condition to a new list, say 'edWords'. For example: ```python edWords = [word for word in words if word.endswith('ED')] ```

Output the Filtered Words

Print or return the words that end with 'ED'. This will be the final output of your program. You can iterate over the 'edWords' list and print each word. For example: ```python for word in edWords: print(word) ```

Key concepts

Tokenization

When working with text data in programming, especially in Java, one of the first steps you'll often perform is tokenization. Tokenization is the process of breaking down a piece of text into individual components, or tokens. These tokens are typically words, numbers, or symbols that are grouped based on specific delimiters. In the context of this exercise, the delimiter is a space character.

For example, if you have a sentence like "I love programming," tokenization will split this into three tokens: "I", "love", and "programming". In Java, this can be easily achieved using the `split()` method of the `String` class.

• Use space as a delimiter with `split(" ")` to separate words.
• The result is an array or list of tokens representing individual words from the input text.

Tokenization is an essential step when processing text data for further analyses, making tasks like filtering specific words approachable.

String Manipulation

String manipulation refers to techniques, methods, and operations that can be employed to modify or analyze strings in programming. This concept is crucial when working with text input in applications. In Java, string manipulation often involves using built-in methods to alter strings, compare them, or extract specific information.

In our exercise, once the text is tokenized into individual words, the next step involves filtering words that meet a particular condition: ending with "ED". To accomplish this, the `endsWith` method is particularly useful. This method checks whether a string ends with a specified suffix and returns a boolean value.

• `endsWith("ED")` checks if a word concludes with the letters "ED".
• It's essential in locating all the desired words from your list of tokens.

String manipulation makes it easy to perform complex operations on character sequences, significantly extending what you can achieve with text data.

List Comprehension

Although List Comprehension is not a native Java concept, it can be related to Java's way of processing collections efficiently. In languages like Python, list comprehension offers a concise way to create lists based on existing lists. This is accomplished by applying an expression to each element in the list and potentially filtering them.

In the context of this exercise, the code can be likened to list comprehension, where a new list of words ending with 'ED' is created based on a condition.

• Iterate over each word in the tokenized list.
• Apply a condition to selectively include words in the new list.

While Java requires more verbose syntax, using enhanced for loops or streams, the underlying logic is the same. Harnessing such patterns allows for powerful data manipulation with simpler and cleaner code structures.

Programming Exercise

Tackling programming exercises is a practical way to cement understanding of core concepts in Java, such as tokenization, string manipulation, and filtering. This specific exercise encourages you to apply multiple steps sequentially to solve a problem.

Steps include:

• Prompting for user input to obtain a line of text.
• Tokenizing that text, breaking it into words.
• Manipulating strings to filter those of interest using conditions.
• Outputting or printing the results.

Each part builds on the previous one, requiring an understanding of multiple programming concepts and their applications. As you continue to practice programming exercises like this one, you'll develop problem-solving skills that are critical for more advanced programming challenges.