Question

include using namespace s… # The following program has syntax errors. Correct them. On each successive line, assume that any preceding error has been corrected. #include using namespace std; int main() { int temp; string first; cout << "Enter first name: ; cin >> first cout << endl; cout << "Enter last name: ; cin >> last; cout << endl; cout << "Enter today's temperature: "; cin >> temperature; cout << endl; cout << first << " " << last << today's temperature is: "; << temperature << endl; return 0;

Short answer

Correct syntax errors by fixing string declarations, adding missing semicolons, and correcting output strings.

Step-by-step solution

Correct Header Inclusion

Ensure that the iostream header is correctly included at the start of your program. This line is correct as given and doesn't contain errors: ```cpp #include ```.

Fix String Declaration

The variable `last` is used before declaration and `string` is not included. Declare it after the `first` variable. Also, include the `string` library: ```cpp #include ... int temp; string first, last; ```.

Missing Ending Double Quote

Close the open quote for the first name input prompt line: ```cpp cout << "Enter first name: "; ```.

Insert Missing Semicolons

The `cin` and `cout` statements are missing semicolons at the end. Add semicolons: ```cpp cin >> first; ... cout << endl; ```

Undefined Variable Declaration

The `temperature` variable is used but not declared. Add an integer declaration for it: ```cpp int temperature; ```.

Correct String Concatenation

Fix the missing concatenations and misplaced semicolon in the final output statement. Also ensure proper variable usage: ```cpp cout << first << " " << last << " today's temperature is: " << temperature << endl; ```.

Key concepts

Syntax Errors

Syntax errors are one of the most common issues you will encounter when programming in C++. These errors arise when code is written in a way that the compiler doesn't understand. This often happens when there are typos or misuse of the programming language's syntax rules which renders the code un-executable. In C++, you might encounter syntax errors due to:

• Missing semicolons (`;`): Every statement needs to end with a semicolon.
• Unmatched parentheses or braces: Each opening bracket needs a corresponding closing bracket.
• Incorrect usage of quotes: Missing or mismatched single or double quotes can lead to errors.
• Misspelled keywords or function names.

To avoid these errors, pay close attention to the structure of your code. Proofreading and step-by-step execution are effective in identifying errors. A thorough understanding of the fundamental syntax is critical.

Program Correction

Correcting syntax errors is an essential skill for every programmer. When a program doesn't compile, identifying the root causes of the errors is the first step. The correction process involves reading error messages carefully. These messages tell you where the problem occurred and even suggest possible solutions. For example, if a semicolon is missing at the end of a statement, the error message might indicate that the statement is not terminated properly.

Addressing each error line-by-line can make the debugging process manageable. By isolating and fixing errors one at a time, you can prevent compounding problems that make debugging seem overwhelming. Utilize an integrated development environment (IDE) with tools that highlight errors in real-time to simplify this process further.

Variable Declaration

Variables in C++ need to be declared before they are used. This informs the compiler about the storage space required and the type of data the variable will hold. Failure to do so often leads to undefined variable errors. It is essential to declare your variables at the start of a program to avoid such issues.

• Choose clear and descriptive names for your variables. This makes the code more readable and maintenance friendly.
• Ensure that the data type matches the data you intend to store. This minimizes logical errors in calculations and program flows.
• If using the `string` type, remember to include the relevant library (``).

When correcting syntax errors, double-check that all variables are declared with the appropriate type and scope. This diligence helps maintain the integrity and expected functionality of your program.

Input/Output Operations

Input and output operations are fundamental for interacting with users in C++ programs. Input is usually handled through `cin`, which reads data from standard input, while output is directed using `cout`. It is crucial for these operations to be correctly formatted for the program to function as intended.

• Always check that prompts to the user are complete and enclosed in quotes.
• Ensure each `cin` and `cout` statement ends with a semicolon (`;`).
• Pay attention to the logical flow of input commands to match the sequence of expected user inputs.

Practicing clean and clear I/O operation commands will result in smoother program executions. Also, well-structured prompts make the user experience more intuitive, reducing confusion and potential input errors.