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STINGY SAT is the following problem: given a set of clauses (each a disjunction of literals) and an integer K , find a satisfying assignment in which at most K variables are true, if such an assignment exists. Prove that isNP -complete.

Short Answer

Expert verified

STINGY SAT is the required assignment, it has been proved that STINGY SAT is NP complete.

Step by step solution

01

Statement of  is -complete

There are steps to show the given hassle as NP (Non-deterministic polynomial) Completeness.

Take a look at whether the STINGY SAT is in “NP”

To test whether the STINGY SAT is in “NP”, first test whether or not the answer incorporates an enjoyable challenge via evaluating the system.

Moreover, check that fewer than “okay” literals are assigned with “actual” cost by means of examining the literals as soon as.

Reduce a recognized NP-whole hassle to STINGY SAT

To prove the NP-completeness, allow us to reduce SAT to STINGY SAT.

It's far supplied that in a SAT method if there is “f” with “k” variables, then it virtually chooses the for instance of STINGY SAT.

Now, its miles had to show that: “f” is a “sure-example” of SAT if and best if is a “yes-example” of STINGY SAT.

02

Prove

Proof:

Anticipate that “f” is a “sure-example” of SAT. There are absolutely “k” variables. Consequently, no more than “k” variables are “genuine”.

Therefore, any gratifying venture of instance “f” for SAT will also be the enjoyable venture of example for STINGY SAT.

Subsequently, is a “yes-instance” of STINGY SAT.

Count on that is a “sure-example” of STINGY SAT, then any fulfilling assignment of that example will also be gratifying undertaking of instance “f” for SAT.

Therefore, “f” is a “yes-instance” of SAT.

Because SAT is NP-Complete, the STINGY SAT is NP-Complete.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the CLIQUE problem restricted to graphs in which every vertex has degree at most v. Call this problem CLIQUE-3 .

(a) Prove that CLIQUE-3 is in NP .

(b) What is wrong with the following proof of NP-completeness for CLIQUE-3 ? We know that the CLIQUE problem in general graphs is NP-complete, so it is enough to present a reduction from CLIQUE-3 to CLIQUE . Given a graph G with vertices of degree 3, and a parameter g, the reduction leaves the graph and the parameter unchanged: clearly the output of the reduction is a possible input for the CLIQUE problem. Furthermore, the answer to both problems is identical. This proves the correctness of the reduction and, therefore, the NP-completeness of CLIQUE-3 .

(c) It is true that the VERTEX COVER problem remains NP-complete even when restricted to graphs in which every vertex has degree at most 3 . Call this problem VC-3 . What is wrong with the following proof of NP-completeness for CLIQUE ? We present a reduction from VC-3 to CLIQUE-3 . Given a graph G=(V,E) with node degrees bounded by 3 , and a parameter b , we create an instance of CLIQUE-3 by leaving the graph unchanged and switching the parameter to |V|-b. Now, a subset CVis a vertex cover in G if and only if the complementary set V-C is a clique in G. Therefore G has a vertex cover of sizebif and only if it has a clique of size |V|-b. This proves the correctness of the reduction and, consequently, the NP-completeness of CLIQUE-3 .

(4)Describe an O(V)algorithm for CLIQUE-3 .

Show that for any problem in NP, there is an algorithm which solves n in time O 2pnwhere is the size of the input instance and p(n)is a polynomial (which may depend on ).

In the EXACT-4SAT problem, the input is a set of clauses, each of which is a disjunction of exactly four literals, and such that each variable occurs at most once in each clause. The goal is to find a satisfying assignment, if one exists. Prove that EXACT-4SAT is NP-complete.

Determine which of the following problems are NP-complete and which are solvable in polynomial time. In each problem you are given an undirected graph G=(V,E), along with:

(a)A set of nodesLV , and you must find a spanning tree such that its set of leaves includes the set L.

(b)A set of nodes LV, and you must find a spanning tree such that its set of leaves is precisely the set L.

(c)A set of nodesLV , and you must find a spanning tree such that its set of leaves is included in the set L.

(d)An integer k, and you must find a spanning tree withk or fewer leaves.

(e)An integer k, and you must find a spanning tree withk or more leaves.

(f)An integer k, and you must find a spanning tree with exactlyk leaves.

We are feeling experimental and want to create a new dish. There are various ingredients we can choose from and we’d like to use as many of them as possible, but some ingredients don’t go well with others. If there arepossible ingredients (numbered 1to n), we write down an matrix giving thediscordbetween any pair of ingredients. Thisdiscordis a real number between 0.0and 1.0, where means “they go together perfectly” and 1.0 means “they really don’t go together.” Here’s an example matrix when there are five possible ingredients.

In this case, ingredients 2and 3go together pretty well whereas1and5clash badly. Notice that this matrix is necessarily symmetric; and that the diagonal entries are always . 0.0Any set of ingredients incurs apenaltywhich isthe sum of all discord values between pairs of ingredients.For instance, the set of ingredients{1,3,5}incurs a penalty of 0.2+1.0+0.5=1.7

.We want this penalty to be small.

EXPERIMENTAL CUISINE

Input:, nthe number of ingredients to choose from D;,the n×n“ discord” matrix; some numberp0

OUTPUT:The maximum number of ingredients we can choose with penalty p.

Show that ifEXPERIMENTAL CUISINEis solvable in polynomial time, then so is 3SAT.

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